新生儿鼻塞式持续气道正压通气并发症临床护理干预分析

Analysis of Nursing Intervention on Complications of Neonatal Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure

目的:探讨能有效降低鼻塞式持续气道正压通气(CPAP)新生儿并发症发生率的临床护理干预措施。方法:纳入2017年11月-2019年4月在笔者所在医院接受CPAP治疗的58例新生儿,依据硬币法将其随机分为两组,A组实施常规护理,B组实施综合护理,观察两组新生儿护理干预实施前后的血气指标水平、通气时间、住院时间和并发症发生情况,对比两组新生儿家属对所接受护理干预的满意度。结果:与干预前相较,两组新生儿干预后PO2水平均有所上升,PCO2水平皆有所下降,其中B组新生儿较A组新生儿PO2水平上升幅度更大,PCO2水平下降趋势更明显(P<0.05);B组新生儿共接受(62.35±16.62)h的通气治疗,住院(10.84±3.01)d出院,较A组新生儿的通气时间、住院时间(91.86±24.77)h、(12.97±3.48)d明显更短(P<0.05);B组新生儿发生皮肤损伤、鼻部损伤、低血压、气压伤等并发症的发生率为6.90%(2/29),明显比A组的31.03%(9/29)低(P<0.05);B组中96.55%(28/29)的新生儿家属对所接受护理干预措施表示满意,与A组新生儿家属的护理干预满意度75.86%(22/29)相较明显更高(P<0.05)。结论:综合护理干预的实施能有效帮助接受CPAP治疗新生儿改善血气指标,缩短通气时间、住院时间,并在同时较好规避并发症的发生,患儿家属对此种护理干预的满意度亦较高。

Objective:To explore the clinical nursing intervention measures that can effectively reduce the incidence of complications in neonates with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).Method:A total of 58 newborns who received CPAP treatment in our hospital from November 2017 to April 2019 were included in the study.According to the coin method,they were randomly divided into two groups.One group was named group A and routine nursing was carried out.The other group was named group B and comprehensive nursing was carried out.The blood gas index level,ventilation time,hospitalization time and complications of the two groups before and after the implementation of nursing intervention were observed.In addition,the satisfaction of the family members of the two groups to the nursing intervention was compared.Result:Compared with the pre-intervention,the level of PO2 and PCO2 in the two groups increased and decreased respectively after the intervention,the increase of PO2 in group B was greater than that in group A,the decrease trend of PCO2 level in group B was more obvious than that in group A (P<0.05).The patients in group B received (62.35±16.62) hours of ventilation treatment and (10.84±3.01) days of hospitalization,which was significantly shorter than those in group A of (91.86±24.77) hours and (12.97±3.48) days (P<0.05).The incidence of skin injury,nose injury,hypotension and barotrauma in group B was 6.90% (2/29),significantly lower than 31.03% (9/29) in group A (P<0.05).96.55% (28/29) of the family members in group B were satisfied with the nursing intervention measures,which was significantly higher than 75.86% (22/29) of the family members in group A (P<0.05).Conclusion:The implementation of comprehensive nursing intervention can effectively help the newborn receiving CPAP to improve the blood gas index,shorten the ventilation time and hospitalization time,and at the same time help them to reduce the risk of complications.The family members of the child are also satisfied with this kind of nursing intervention.