20 K单级斯特林制冷机理论研究

Theoretical study of 20 K single stage Stirling refrigerator

为满足小型超导磁体等领域对20 K温区制冷机的需求,本文进行了20 K温区单级斯特林制冷机的理论研究,通过对20 K温区高频交变流动换热机理和材料的热容、热渗透深度的影响分析,明确了20 K温区对回热器的设计准则,通过建立整机的热力学模型进行计算,计算结果表明,在铅丝丝径为24μm时,斯特林制冷机可获得的制冷量为0.65 W@20 K、1.84 W@25 K、3.02 W@30 K、4.26 W@35 K、5.48 W@40 K。满足设备对20 K温区单级斯特林制冷机的需求。

Small superconducting magnet needs low temperature of 20 K by a refrigerator to work.A 20 K single-stage Stirling refrigerator was studied and analyzed from high frequency alternating flow heat transfer mechanism,the material heat capacities and thermal penetration depth.A design method of the regenerator in the refrigerator was confirmed,a thermodynamic model was built and simulated.The results show that the available refrigeration capacity of the Stirling refrigerator is 0.65 W@20 K,1.84 W@25 K,3.02 W@30 K,4.26 W@35 K and 5.48 W@40 K when the lead wire diameter is 24μm,which meet 20 K requirement of small superconducting magnet.