育成期高能饮食对蛋鸡肝脏转录组的影响

Effects of high energy diet on liver transcriptome of laying hens during growing period

【目的】明确相关基因在育成期蛋鸡肝脏脂质代谢调控过程中的作用机理,为改善蛋鸡的生产性能打下基础。【方法】分别选取高能量(12.14 MJ/kg)和低能量(10.88 MJ/kg)饲料饲喂育成期蛋鸡,利用Illumina NextSeq 500平台对蛋鸡肝脏进行转录组测序,通过HTSeq和DESeq等生物信息学方法筛选出差异表达基因,并以超几何分布对差异表达基因进行GO功能富集分析和KEGG信号通路富集分析。【结果】从低能组和高能组蛋鸡肝脏样品RNA-seq测序获得的原始序列均超过8000万条,且能比对上基因组和基因的序列均在80.00%以上。其中,基因序列占87.32%~89.78%,基因间序列占10.22%~12.68%;外显子序列在基因序列中的所占比例很高,为78.10%~82.88%,内含子序列所占比例在17.12%~21.90%。相对于低能组,高能组蛋鸡肝脏中有82个基因上调表达、106个基因下调表达。差异表达基因GO功能富集分析发现有314个显著富集的GO功能(P<0.05,下同),其中,241个富集在生物过程(BP),18个富集在细胞组分(CC),55个富集在分子功能(MF)。脂质代谢过程和细胞脂质代谢过程富集的基因分别有16和14个,占差异表达基因总数的8.51%和7.45%;脂质代谢过程较细胞脂质代谢过程多出的基因是PLIN1和FGF19。差异表达基因KEGG信号通路富集分析发现有4条显著富集的KEGG信号通路,且均与蛋鸡肝脏的脂质代谢相关。【结论】育成期对蛋鸡进行高能饮食饲喂,主要是通过上调或下调脂质代谢相关基因表达而影响肝脏脂质代谢,最终实现蛋鸡生产性能调控。

【Objective】The current study was conducted to clarify the mechanism of related genes in the regulation of lipid metabolism in the liver of laying hens during growing period.It laid a foundation for improving the performance of laying hens.【Method】High energy(12.14 MJ/kg)and low energy(10.88 MJ/kg)feeds were selected to feed laying hens during growing period,respectively.The livers in laying hens were transcriptome sequenced using the Illumina NextSeq 500 platform.The differentially expressed genes(DEG)were screened by bioinformatics such as HTSeq and DESeq.And the DEG were analyzed by GO function enrichment and KEGG signal pathway enrichment analysis using hypergeometric.【Result】The raw reads obtained by RNA-seq from the liver samples of both the low energy group and the high energy group were over 80000000,and over 80.00%of them could be mapped to genomes and genes.Among them,gene reads accounted for 87.32%-89.78%,and intergene reads 10.22%-12.68%.Exon reads accounted for 78.10%-82.88%of the gene reads,and intron reads 17.12%-21.90%.Compared with the lowenergy group,82 genes in the livers of high energy group were up-regulated and 106 genes were down-regulated.Analysis of GO function enrichment of DEG showed there were 314 significantly enriched functions(P<0.05,the same below),among which 241 were enriched in biological processes(BP),18 were enriched in cellular components(CC),and 55 were enriched in molecular functions(MF).There were 16 and 14 genes that were enriched in lipid metabolic process and cellular lipid metabolic process,respectively,accounting for 8.51%and 7.45%of the total number of DEG.PLIN1 and FGF19 were in lipid metabolic process but not in cellular lipid metabolic process.KEGG analysisof DEG revealed that there were 4 significantly enriched signaling pathways,and all of them were related to lipid metabolism in livers oflaying hens.【Conclusion】During the growing period,high energy diet feeding of laying hens affects lipid metabolism in liver mainly by upregulating or downregulating the expression of lipid metabolism related genes,and finally regulates the performance of laying hens.