不同种植年限和生育期三七上桃蚜体内蛋白含量及主要酶活性研究

Protein content and the activities of main enzymes in Myzus persicae(Sulzer)feeding on Panax notoginseng at growth period at different planting periods

【目的】探明不同种植年限和生育期三七上桃蚜体内蛋白含量及主要解毒酶和保护酶活性,以及随三七生长发育的动态变化,为三七上蚜虫的综合防治提供理论依据。【方法】采用试剂盒法,分别测定1年生、2年生和3年生三七(简称1年七、2年七和3年七)营养生长期、平缓生长期和生殖生长期的桃蚜体内蛋白含量、主要解毒酶[乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、羧酸酯酶(CarE)和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTs)]和保护酶[过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)]活性,并与甘蓝上桃蚜体内蛋白含量及主要解毒酶和保护酶活性进行比较。【结果】相同种植年限不同生育期的三七,在其上取食的桃蚜体内蛋白含量表现为生殖生长期>平缓生长期>营养生长期;在三七营养生长期和平缓生长期,不同种植年限三七上取食的桃蚜体内蛋白含量表现为甘蓝>3年七>2年七>1年七,而在三七生殖生长期,种植年限对桃蚜体内蛋白含量的影响不显著(P>0.05,下同)。在相同种植年限三七的不同生育期内,随着三七的生长发育,桃蚜体内CarE、AChE和GSTs活性总体呈下降趋势;在相同生育期不同种植年限三七上,在营养生长期和平缓生长期内,桃蚜体内AChE、CarE和GSTs活性表现为1年七>2年七>3年七>甘蓝,而在生殖生长期内,甘蓝上桃蚜体内AChE活性高于2年七和3年七,CarE和GSTs活性随着种植年限的增加变化不明显。在相同种植年限三七的不同生育期内,桃蚜体内SOD活性表现为营养生长期>平缓生长期>生殖生长期,CAT活性表现为营养生长期<平缓生长期<生殖生长期,POD活性在1年七、3年七和甘蓝上均表现为营养生长期>平缓生长期>生殖生长期,而在2年七上表现为营养生长期>生殖生长期>平缓生长期;在相同生育期不同种植年限三七上,随着三七种植年限的增加,三七上桃蚜体内POD、CAT和SOD活性基本呈逐渐降低的趋势。【结论】在三七桃蚜防治实践中,从生育期防治策略上,应加强对营养生长期和平缓生长期内三七上桃蚜的防治;而从不同种植年限三七上蚜虫的防治策略上,应加强对1年七和2年七上桃蚜的控制。

【Objective】To clarify the protein content and the activities of detoxification and protective enzymes inMyzus persicae(Sulzer)feeding on Panax notoginseng at different growth stages in planting years of P.notoginseng,as well as the dynamics of changes with the growth and development of P.notoginseng,and to provide the theoretical base for the integrated control on M.persicae.【Method】The kit method was used to determine the protein content,detoxification enzymes(acetyl cholinesterase,carboxylesterase,glutathione S-transferase)and protective enzymes(peroxidase,superoxide dismutase,catalase)activities of M.persicae in the one-year planting P.notoginseng,two-year planting P.notoginseng and three-year planting P.notoginseng of nutrition growth stage,gentle growth stage and reproductive stage.And they were compared with that feeding on cabbages.【Result】In different growth periods of the same planting period of P.notoginseng,the protein content ofM.persicae showed:reproductive stage>gentle growth stage>nutrition growth stage.In the nutrition growth stage and gentle growth stages of P.notoginseng,the protein content ofM.persicae fed on P.notoginseng for different planting years showed:cabbage>three-year planting P.notoginseng>two-year planting P.notoginseng>one-year planting P.notoginseng.While,in reproductive stage,the planting years had no significant effect on the protein content of M.persicae(P>0.05,the same below).The effect on the activity of detoxification enzymes in M.persicae was as follows:in different growth periods of the same planting period of P.notoginseng,with the growth and development of P.notoginseng,the activities of CarE,AChE and GSTs in M.persicae showed a significant decline.In the same growth period of different planting years of P.notoginseng,the activities of AChE,CarE and GSTs inM.persicae during the nutrition growth stage and gentle growth stage showed that one-year planting P.notoginseng>two-year planting P.notoginseng>three-year planting P.notoginseng>cabbage.However,during the reproductive stage,the activity of AChE on cabbage in M.persicae was higher than that in two-year planting P.notoginseng and three-year planting P.notoginseng,while the activities of CarE and GSTs did not change greatly with the increase of planting years.The effects on the activity of protective enzymes in M.persicae was as follows:in different growth periods of the same planting period of P.notoginseng,the activity of SOD in M.persicae was shown as nutrition growth stage>gentle growth stage>reproductive stage,and the activity of CAT was shown as nutrition growth stage<gentle growth stage<reproductive stage.The activity of CAT in oneyear planting P.notoginseng and three-year planting P.notoginseng was shown as nutrition growth stage<gentle growth stage<reproductive stage,and in two-year planting P.notoginseng was nutrition growth stage<reproductive stage<gentle growth stage.In the same growth period and different planting years of P.notoginseng,with the increase of plan-ting years,the activities of POD,CAT and SOD in M.persicae on P.notoginseng basically showed a gradually decreasing trend.【Conclusion】In terms of control of M.persicae from the view of growth stages,the control measures should be strengthened at nutrition growth stage and gentle growth stage;and from the view of different planting periods of P.notoginseng,the control measures should be strengthened on M.persicae on one-year and two-year planting P.notoginseng.