雪胆多糖提取工艺优化及其抗氧化活性分析

Optimization of extraction process of polysaccharides from Hemsleya chinensis and its antioxidant activity

【目的】优化雪胆水溶性和水不溶性多糖提取工艺,并分析其抗氧化活性,为雪胆多糖的开发利用提供参考依据。【方法】采用热水浸提法提取雪胆水溶性多糖、碱液浸提法提取雪胆水不溶性多糖,以多糖提取率为考察指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验优化2种雪胆多糖的提取工艺条件,同时测定雪胆多糖清除羟基自由基(·OH)、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基和超氧阴离子(O2-·)的能力及还原能力。【结果】影响热水浸提雪胆水溶性多糖的因素排序为提取温度>料液比>提取时间,最佳提取工艺条件为:料液比1∶16、提取温度80℃、提取时间2.0 h,在此条件下,雪胆水溶性多糖提取率为(28.70±0.63)%;影响碱液浸提雪胆水不溶性多糖的因素排序为料液比>提取温度>提取时间,最佳提取条件为:料液比1∶18、提取温度70℃、提取时间2.0 h,在此条件下,雪胆水不溶性多糖提取率为(31.43±0.42)%。雪胆水溶性多糖和水不溶性多糖对·OH和DPPH自由基均有较好的清除效果,2种雪胆多糖质量浓度为0.5 mg/mL时,对DPPH自由基的清除率在50.00%以上,质量浓度为0.1 mg/mL时,对·OH的清除率在50.00%以上;此外,2种多糖具有良好的还原能力和清除O2-·能力,均随多糖质量浓度的增加而增强。【结论】采用正交试验优化获得雪胆水溶性多糖热水浸提工艺和雪胆水不溶性多糖碱液浸提工艺,提取操作简便,方法可行,提取的2种多糖均具有较强的抗氧化活性,可作为天然抗氧化资源加以利用。

【Objective】To optimize the extraction of water-soluble and water-insoluble polysaccharides from Hemsleya chinensis,analyze its antioxidant activity,and provide a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of polysaccharides from H.chinensis.【Method】The water-soluble polysaccharides of H.chinensis were extracted by hot water extraction and water-insoluble polysaccharides of H.chinensis were extracted by alkali extraction.Based on the single factor test and orthogonal experiment,the content of water-soluble polysaccharide and water-insoluble polysaccharide were optimized respectively.Then hydroxyl radical(·OH)scavenging ability,1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical(DPPH)scavenging ability,superoxide anion(O-2·)scavenging ability and reducing power were analyzed.【Result】The order of factors affecting the extraction of water-soluble polysaccharide from H.chinensis by hot water extraction were as follows:extraction temperature>solid-liquid ratio>extraction time,and the optimal extraction conditions of water-soluble polysaccharide of H.chinensis were as follow:the solid-liquid ratio was 1∶16,and the extraction temperature was 80℃,the extraction time was 2.0 h.Under this condition,the extraction rate of water-soluble polysaccharide was(28.70±0.63)%.The order of factors affecting the extraction of insoluble polysaccharides of H.chinensis by alkali extraction were as follow:solid-liquid ratio>extraction temperature>extraction time,and the best extraction conditions of insoluble polysaccharides of H.chinensis were as follow:the ratio of material to liquid was 1∶18,the extraction temperature was 70℃,the extraction time was 2.0 h.Under this condition,the extraction rate of water-insoluble polysaccharide was(31.43±0.42)%.The experimental results showed that two kinds of polysaccharide of H.chinensis on·OH and DPPH free radical clearance had good effect.When the H.chinensis polysaccharide concentration was 0.5 mg/mL,the DPPH free radical clearance rate reached over 50.00%,when polysaccharide concentration was 0.1 mg/mL,the·OH free radical clearance rate reached more than 50.00%.At the same time,the results showed that two kinds of polysaccharide had good ability associated with reduction capacity and O-2·scavenging,and the ability strengthened as the mass concentration of polysaccharide increased.【Conclusion】The orthogonal experimental optimized H.chinensis water-soluble polysaccharide hot water extraction process and water-insoluble polysaccharide lye extraction process are simple and feasible,and soluble polysaccharide and insoluble polysaccharide from H.chinensis both have strong antioxidant activity,which can be used as natural antioxidant resources.