马克思“国家—社会”关系理论的研究进展——基于中国学者研究的文献综述

The Research Progress of Marx’s“state-society”Relationship Theory--A Literature Review Based on Chinese Scholars’Research

马克思“国家—社会”关系理论是当前学界研究的热点问题之一。学者们较为一致的观点是,这一理论的发展主要经历了三个阶段,分别为国家源自社会、国家脱离并凌驾于社会之上、国家逐步向社会复归,但在具体问题的展开上又呈现出不同的研究视角。学界普遍认为,这一理论对我国的公民社会建设、“强国家—强社会”状态的实现以及治理与善治方面都有重要的启示意义。研究过程中存在的不足主要表现在:整体研究的力度还有待提高,有意无意地“撇开”恩格斯的相关论述,有借“市民社会”概念解释当代中国现实问题的倾向,较少谈及中国共产党在建设“强国家-强社会”中所发挥的重要作用。

The theory of“state-society”relationship of Marx is a hot topic in China’s academic circles.Scholars believe that this theory has three main stages of development which are the country originates from the society,the country separates from and overtakes the society,the society gradually returns to the society.However,on specific issues,this theory has different aspects for research.The theory of“statesociety”relationship of Marx has important enlightening significance to the goal of building and better governing“a strong country and a strong society”in China.It is noticed that there are some defects in research,such as studying in isolation rather than as a whole,consciously or unconsciously put Engels’relevant theories aside,using the concept of“civil society”to explain the realistic problems in contemporary China and lacking discussion about the important role played by the Chinese Communist Party.