桑植植烟土壤养分分析及丰缺评价

Analysis of Soil Nutrient Abundance and Deficiency of Tobacco Planting Soil in Sangzhi County

为了了解桑植县植烟土壤养分状况,采用调查收集、取样分析等方法对桑植植烟土壤的pH值、有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾等进行了分析。结果表明:桑植县植烟土壤的pH值范围为4.47~8.32,平均值为6.26,处于适宜范围的样品占比39.92%;土壤有机质含量范围为8.05~61.59 g/kg,平均值为28.67 g/kg,适宜样品比例为27.76%;碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量范围分别为53.75~281.71、0.93~244.69和37.54~872.62 mg/kg,平均值分别为162.26、55.06、255.15 mg/kg,适宜样品比例分别为57.79%、14.83%、24.33%;各指标中以土壤pH值的变异系数最小,速效磷变异系数最大。整体来看,桑植县植烟土壤养分含量丰富,但存在分布不均匀的现象,在生产措施上应以降低土壤磷素、调控钾肥为主,兼顾氮肥的施用。

In order to define soil nutrient conditions of Sangzhi County,the pH value,organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and other soil nutrients of 263 topsoil samples were analyzed in succession to investigation,collection and sampling.The results showed that the pH value ranged from 4.47 to 8.32 with a mean value of 6.26,39.92%of the soil samples was in the appropriate range of pH values;organic matter content ranged from 8.05 to 61.59g/kg with a mean value of 28.67 g/kg,27.76%of the soil samples was in the appropriate range;alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium contents in tobacco planting soils were in the range of 53.75-281.71 mg/kg,0.93-244.69 mg/kg and 37.54-872.62 mg/kg,with a mean value of 162.26,55.06 and 255.15 mg/kg,respectively,57.79%,14.83%and 24.33%soil samples were in the appropriate range.Soil pH value was of the minimum variation coefficient,while available phosphorus was of the maxium variation coefficient.The nutrient contents of tobacco planting soils in Sangzhi are rich but distribute unevenly.It should be adjusted reasonably in accordance with local conditions to promote the production of high-quality tobacco leaves.