基于LNS算法的带时间窗和“灰色地带”客户的两级车辆路径优化

Two-Echelon Vehicle Routing Optimization with Time Window and“Gray Zone”Customers Based on LNS Algorithm

【目的】研究城市货运中复杂的两级车辆路径问题。【方法】考虑道路拥挤、环境污染和噪声滋扰等各种影响,提出一种新型的带时间窗限制和"灰色地带"客户的两级城市分配方案,建立以经济成本、环境影响和社会干扰最小化为目标的混合整数线性规划模型,设计大规模邻域搜索算法对问题进行求解,通过不同分布类型的客户算例进行测试。【结果】新型两级城市分配方案在一定程度上优于传统分配方案,卫星的数目设置对不同分布类型的数据产生不同影响。【结论】该模型对优化城市物流配送路径有一定的实用价值,可为政府部门及相关企业在可持续城市物流规划方面提供决策支持。

[Purposes]Study the complex two-echelon vehicle routing problem in urban freight.[Methods]Considering various impacts such as road congestion,environmental pollution,and noise nuisance,a new two-level city allocation scheme with time window restrictions and"gray zone"customers is proposed.Establish a mixed integer linear programming model with the goal of minimizing economic costs,environmental impacts and social disturbances,design a large-scale neighborhood search algorithm to solve the problem,and test it with customer examples of different types.[Findings]The experimental results show that the new two-level urban distribution scheme is better than the traditional distribution scheme to a certain extent.The number of satellites has different effects on the data of different distribution types.[Conclusions]This model has certain practical value for optimizing urban logistics distribution routes,and can provide decision support for related enterprises and government departments in sustainable urban logistics planning.