应用结构方程模型分析社区居民生活质量影响因素

The Influencing Factors of the Quality of Life of the Residents by Structural Equation Model

目的调查重庆市沙坪坝区居民生活质量现状,剖析其影响因素,为提高居民生活质量提供依据。方法用整群随机抽样的方法,发放问卷950份,采用结构方程模型的方法分析社区居民的生活质量影响因素。结果回收有效问卷878份,生活质量平均得分为(66.28±25.24)分,其中以生理职能得分最低,为(59.97±39.99)分。结构方程模型拟合优度较好(RMSEA=0.078,GFI=0.901,NFI=0.907)。健康素养对生存质量的总效应系数为0.540,健康生活方式对生活质量的直接作用为0.004,慢性病对健康素养、生活行为方式与生存质量存在负面效应,效应系数分别为-0.137,-0.177和-0.249。结论健康素养可通过生活行为方式等中介效应影响居民的生存质量,各部门应加强健康促进工作,全面提高居民的健康素养,从而改善社区居民的生活质量。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current situation of residents’quality of life in Shapingba District of Chongqing and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide basis for improving residents’quality of life.METHODS 950 questionnaires were distributed by using the way of cluster random sampling,and structural equation model was used to analyze the influencing factors of community residents’quality of life.RESULTS 878 valid questionnaires were collected.The average score of quality of life was(66.28±25.24),among which the lowest score was physiological function(59.97±39.99).The structural equation model had good goodness of fit(RMSEA=0.078,GFI=0.901,NFI=0.907).The total effect coefficient of health literacy on quality of life was 0.540,the direct ef⁃fect of healthy lifestyle on quality of life was 0.004,and the negative effect of chronic diseases on health literacy,lifestyle and quality of life were-0.137,-0.177,-0.249,respectively.CONCLUSION Health literacy could affect the quality of life of residents through intermediary effects such as lifestyle.All departments should strengthen health promotion and comprehensively improve the health of residents,so as to improve the quality of life of community residents.