草场从承包到“再集中”经营牧民响应吗?——基于内蒙古试点嘎查全样本微观数据分析

Do the herdsmen respond to grassland from contracting to “centralized management”? ——Micro-data analysis of the entire sample based on the pilot Gacha in Inner Mongolia

内蒙古呼伦贝尔市M嘎查率先创新牧区集体经济运行机制,成立股份制专业合作社,对草场经营权"再集中",实现草场的统一管理。本研究以M嘎查的全样本牧户为研究对象,构建计量模型,从家庭禀赋因素、经济因素和政策因素三个方面探索了牧民参与行为的影响机制。结果表明:牧民家庭非畜牧业收入占比、是否有贷款正向影响其参与行为。不同草场规模牧户的参与行为影响因素存在差异,就大牧户而言,畜牧业家庭劳动力人数负向影响其参与行为,家庭总收入和兼业收入占比则正向影响其参与行为;而对中小牧户来说,草场是否发生流转与其参与行为呈显著负相关。结合以上结论,笔者从建立生态、经济、社会保护利用机制,提高金融部门支持力度,根据不同牧户分类引导等角度提出了促进牧区股份制专业合作社发展的对策建议。

M Gacha, located in Inner Mongolia, took the lead in innovating the operation mechanism of collective economy in pastoral areas, including the establishment of joint-stock professional cooperatives, the of "re-concentration" of grassland management rights, and the realization of unified management of grassland. In this study, the whole sample of herdsmen in M Gacha was taken as the research object, and a quantitative model was constructed to explore the influence mechanism of herdsmen’s participation behavior from three aspects of family endowment, economic factors and policy factors. The results showed that the proportion of non-husbandry income of herdsmen and whether there is a loan have a positive impact on their participation behavior. There were differences in the influencing factors of the participation behavior of herdsmen with different grassland scale. For large herdsmen, the number of labor force in the family of animal husbandry had a negative impact on their participation behavior, while the proportion of total income and part-time income had a positive impact. For small and medium herdsmen, the circulation of grassland has a significant negative correlation with their participation behavior. Combined with the above conclusions, the author established protection and utilization mechanisms from the ecological, economic and social levels to enhance the support of financial sector, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to promote the development of joint-stock specialized cooperatives in pastoral areas according to the different classification and guidance of herdsmen.