不同施肥处理对容器限根栽培葡萄叶片生理特性的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Physiological Characteristics of Leaves on Root-lim⁃ited Grape Plants Cultivated in Containers

以2年生早黑宝葡萄为试验对象,研究容器栽培条件下不同肥料种类和施肥量对植株叶片生理特性的影响。结果表明:无论施用发酵有机肥、复混缓控释肥还是普通化肥,大田常规用量的50%即可提高叶片光合效果,促进可溶性糖和淀粉的积累;半量施用化肥可以更快地增加叶面积,提高叶片中氮和磷元素含量,但叶片的光合参数与施用其他2种肥料差异不显著,营养物质积累量也与施用发酵有机肥的叶片差异不显著。综合各方面因素来看,容器限根栽培葡萄推荐以施用发酵有机肥为主,少量配施化肥。

The effects of different fertilizer types and amounts on physiological characteristics of leaves on 2-yearold grape plants cultivated in containers were studied.The results showed that whether fermented organic fertilizer,controlled slow-release compound fertilizer or common chemical fertilizer,half of the conventional fertilization amount could improve the photosynthetic effect of leaves and promote the accumulation of soluble sugar and starch.Half-amount application of chemical fertilizers could increase the leaf area quickly and improve nitrogen and phos⁃phorus content in the leaves,yet the photosynthetic parameters of leaves were not significantly different from those of the other two fertilizers.Meanwhile,there was also no significant difference for nutrient accumulation amount in leaves with half-amount application of chemical fertilizers and application of fermented organic fertilizers.According to various factors,it was suggested that the main fertilizer for root-limited cultivated grapes should be fermented or⁃ganic fertilizer,and a small amount of chemical fertilizer could be combine-applied.