我国图书馆地方立法实证研究:反思与超越——基于14部地方性法律规范的考察

Empirical Study on Local Library Legislation in China:Reflection and Transcendence——Based on 14 Local Regulations and Laws

截至2020年1月,我国共出台了14部图书馆地方立法,呈现出制定主体及体例多元、制定时间跨度大、经济发达地区更为重视、公共服务功能逐渐得到强化、相关管理规定由粗向细转变等特征。上述立法在一定程度上保障和推动了当地图书馆事业顺利开展,但也存在部分立法有悖上位法、立法语言不规范、难以适应时代要求等问题。通过对域外图书馆地方立法考察来看,世界主要国家高度重视图书馆地方立法工作,且精细化、科学化程度较高,尤其是注重社会特殊群体的权益保障。未来,应通过加快图书馆地方立法进度、及时开展图书馆地方立法的"废、改、释"和科学规划图书馆地方立法的框架内容等路径,实现我国图书馆地方立法的超越。

China has enacted 14 local regulations and laws by January 2020. Main legislation bodies and styles are multiple, and the regulations have a great time span. It shows that local library legislation is much more valued in developed regions. Public service function is strengthened and regulations are described in detail. The regulations and laws ensure and promote the development of local libraries, while there are still some problems in the legislation, such as the contradiction to the host law, non-standard legislative language, and the difficulty in adapting to the requirements of the times. Main countries in the world attach great importance to the local library legislation, the regulations and laws are legislated in detail and scientifically, focusing especially on rights and interestes of particular groups. In the future, we should speed up the progress of local library legislation, implement the "abolishment, modifying and interpretation" of legislation in time, and scientifically plan the framework content of local library legislation to achieve the transcendence of local library legislation in China.