基于大数据和网格化的医疗设施布局社会公平性评价

Social Equity Performance Evaluation of Medical Facility Layout Based on Big Data and Grid Management

城市规划中公共服务设施的配置一定程度上影响着社会公共资源分配的公平性。医疗设施作为城市中医疗服务的承担者,应满足城市中人口的就医需求。通过网格化管理和大数据的结合,以武汉市为例采用基尼系数与区位熵的方法评价医疗设施布局的公平性,得到武汉市整体医疗设施布局较为公平的结果。从区位熵结果来看,武汉市局部地区存在社区单元医疗设施与人口低耦合、社区单元用地条件限制导致医疗设施欠缺两类问题,笔者针对问题提出缓解公共交通压力与小微设施补充相结合的建议。

To some extent, the allocation of public service facilities in urban planning affects the fairness of social public resource allocation. Medical facilities, as the undertaker of urban medical service, should meet the medical needs of the urban population. Using grid management and big data, taking Wuhan as an example, Gini coefficient and location entropy are used to evaluate the fairness of medical facility layout. The results show that the overall layout of medical facilities in Wuhan is fair. According to the results of location entropy, there are two kinds of problems in local areas: the low coupling of community unit medical facilities and population, and the lack of medical facilities with limited land use conditions in community unit. Aiming at these problems, the paper puts forward the suggestions of making up for the shortage of medical facilities, and combining the public transportation with the small and micro facilities.