冷滚打成形不同材料制件中残余应力分布研究

Residual stress distribution of different cold roll-beating materials

为有效控制冷滚打成形不同材料制件时残余应力对使用寿命和表面质量的影响,针对紫铜、LY12和40Cr成形件中残余应力分布及变化规律进行研究。用Abaqus软件建立冷滚打成形动-静态仿真模型,并进行路径和区域划分,通过仿真获得制件表面残余应力分布区域和齿底残余应力的变化情况。结果表明:材料对成形件中残余应力分布及变化规律影响较大,其中40Cr制件中残余应力分布相对于紫铜和LY12更有利于制件质量提高。在自行开发设备上用40Cr进行冷滚打试验,并对成形件深度路径上切向残余应力进行测量,最大值在距成形件表面0.6 mm处,约为550 MPa,与仿真结果基本吻合,验证了有限元仿真结果的准确性。

In order to effectively control the influence of residual stress on the service life and surface quality of the formed parts during cold roll-beating of different materials,the distribution and variation law of residual stress were studied on deformed red copper,LY12 aluminium alloy and 40 Cr steel. The dynamic-static simulation model of cold roll beating process was established with Abaqus software,and the path and area were divided. The distribution area of surface residual stress and the change of tooth bottom residual stress of copper,LY12 and 40 Cr were obtained by simulation. The results show that materials characteristics has great influences on the distribution and variation of residual stress in the formed parts,and the distribution of residual stress in40 Cr parts is more conducive to the improvement of the quality of the parts compared with copper and LY12. In the selfdeveloped equipment,40 Cr material was selected for cold roll-beating experiment,and the tangential residual stress on the depth path of the formed part was measured. The maximum value,about 550 MPa,appears at 0.6 mm from the surface of the formed part,which is basically consistent with the simulation results and verifies the correctness of the finite element simulation results.