木质素液相催化解聚研究现状

Research Status on Liquid-phase Catalytic Depolymerization of Lignin

木质素是一种天然非晶三维聚合物,是木质纤维素类生物质的主要组分。木质素结构中含有丰富的芳香结构以及甲氧基、酚羟基、醇羟基、羰基、醛基等官能团,是自然界中唯一具备芳香族单体的可再生资源。将木质素转化为具有高附加值的液体燃料和化学品是缓解化石资源危机的有效途径。然而,由于结构复杂,木质素是生物质三大组分中最难以被高值化利用的组分。木质素液相催化解聚在液相环境中进行,反应条件较温和,产物选择性高,因而受到广泛关注。基于木质素结构,综述国内外木质素液相催化解聚研究进展,在此基础上,对其存在问题和解决方法进行了合理分析,并指出未来发展方向。

Lignin is one of the principal components of the lignocellulosic biomass.It is a natural threedimensional amorphous polymer with abundant aromatic structure,methoxyl,phenolic hydroxyl,alcohol hydroxyl,carbonyl and aldehyde groups.It is the only renewable feedstock to replace fossil resources for the production of high-value aromatic bulk.Converting lignin into high value-added liquid fuels and chemicals is an effective way to alleviate the shortage of fossil resources.However,lignin has a so much more complex structure compared to that of cellulose and hemicellulose that efficient conversion of lignin still exist a great challenge.Recent years,the liquid-phase catalytic depolymerization of lignin is hot point because of its merit of mild reaction conditions and high selectivity of the product.In this paper,based on the structure of lignin,the research progress on the liquid-phase catalytic depolymerization of lignin,the existing problems and solutions for the hydrothermal depolymerization of lignin were reviewed.Meanwhile,the challenges and future prospects of lignin liquid-phase catalytic depolymerization were pointed out.