经合组织的PISA评价:历史数字集背后的文化蕴含

OECD's PISA:The Historical Assemblage of Numbers as Cultural in Scriptions

经济合作与发展组织的国际学生评估项目被视作一种了解某个国家、民族及其社会变革的特殊方式,其核心理性是PISA测试数据进入该国或地区成为了其文化秩序和社会阶层的一部分。文化秩序一方面追求自由和解放,另一方面却凭借国家机器建立社会秩序、管理和规范公民的行为,这一点看起来似乎自相矛盾。而当前世界各国学校教育对学生成绩进行统计、比较和排名,所测评和描述的并非教育本身的追求和逻辑,则体现了这一悖论。从历史上说,PISA国际学生评估项目的统计数据与排名,集合了一个国家的科技、文化和教育发展现代化以及个人福祉等方面想要实现的研究和教育模式变革。国家间学生成绩统计数据的比较,不仅会引发各国相应的教育、学术研究和社会等领域重大变革,也反映出根植于国家形象、意识形态和文化价值观的各国差异。

Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)'s Program for Interna-tional Student Assessment(PISA)can be understood as a particular style of reasoning about nations,people and change.Central to this style of reasoning is statistics that enters into and becomes part of cultural orderings and classifications.The cultural orderings entail the paradox of the state administration of populations and science in the name of freedom and liberty.Contemporary international calculations and ranking of student performance embody this paradox.The numbers of statistics in OECD are historically assembled as an international project about modernization and individual wellbeing that the research and models of change are to actualize.These desires about change are generated through the statistical production of equivalences and mag nitudes to compare nations and populations.The comparativeness generated is not only about managing of change.The statistics embody images and narratives that express philosophical ideals of society and people from which differences and divisions are produced.