安徽两水系黄颡鱼的微卫星遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity analysis of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco from two major drainage systems in Anhui Province based on microsatellite markers

为了解安徽省内长江和淮河水系黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)遗传多样性和遗传结构,选用10个微卫星标记对9个自然群体共254尾黄颡鱼进行了遗传分析。共检测到等位基因数(Na)245个,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)9.75个。各群体的平均Na为5.20~14.80,平均Ne为2.64~8.93;平均观测杂合度(Ho)为0.496~0.671,平均期望杂合度(He)为0.557~0.818;平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.500~0.790。AMOVA分析显示仅8.15%的遗传变异来自群体间,各群体间的遗传分化指数(FST)为0.006~0.236。基于Nei's遗传距离的UPGMA系统树和利用Structure软件的群体遗传结构分析均显示,9个群体可被划分4或5个谱系,其中石台(秋浦河水系)、麻川河(青弋江支流)、阜南(淮河水系)3个群体的个体遗传结构均比较独立,与其他群体亲缘关系较远;其他6个群体(长江水系的望江、无为、龙窝湖、泾县群体和淮河水系的凤台、瓦埠湖)的较为复杂,可能存在谱系间的混杂。结果表明,研究区域内黄颡鱼野生资源遗传多样性较高,地理群体间存在遗传分化且部分群体可能经历了瓶颈效应。

We collected 254 individuals of nine wild Pelteobagrus fulvidraco populations from Yangtze River and Huaihe River in Anhui Province, then genotyped them by using ten microsatellite markers. The result shows a high level of genetic diversity. Altogether 245 alleles had been detected in ten loci with an average of effective allele number(Ne) of 9.75 per locus. In all P. fulvidraco populations, the allele number(Na) was 5.20-14.80 and the Ne was 2.64-8.93;the observed heterozygosity(Ho) was 0.496-0.671 and the expected heterozygosity(He) was 0.557-0.818;the polymorphism information content(PIC) was 0.500-0.790. The molecular variance analysis(AMOVA) exhibited only 8.15% genetic variation among the populations and showed a low and middle level genetic differentiation(FST: 0.006-0.236). The UPGMA tree of P. fulvidraco based on Nei’s genetic distance(0.079-0.640) and population genetic structure analysis based on Structure software both indicate that the nine populations belonged to four or five genetic lineages;ST, FN and MC populations were all independent groups which were genetically distantly related to the others. The results reveal that there is genetic differentiation among the nine P. fulvidraco populations and some populations have experienced bottleneck effects, but the wild resources still have high genetic diversity.