儿童喉乳头状瘤研究进展

Progress of juvenile laryngeal papilloma

喉乳头状瘤是儿童最常见的呼吸道良性肿瘤,主要临床表现为声嘶、喘鸣和呼吸困难,严重者可出现完全性喉梗阻导致窒息。儿童喉乳头状瘤的病原体主要为人乳头状瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV),且主要为低危型HPV6、11型,HPV11型感染和发病年龄早更容易导致不良预后。目前认为幼儿HPV感染途径主要为宫内感染、经阴道接触感染,但母体感染HPV并不是终止妊娠和剖宫产指征。手术是目前主要的治疗方式,疫苗接种等辅助治疗日益发挥作用。

Laryngeal papilloma is the most common benign tumor of respiratory tract in children.The main chnical manifestations are hoarseness,wheezing and dyspnea.In severe cases,complete laryngeal obstruction can lead to suffocation.The pathogen of juvenile laryngeal papilloma is mainly human papilloma virus(HPV),and it is mainly of low-risk HPV6 and 11 type.The infection of HPV 11 type and early onset age are more likely to lead to poor prognosis.At present,it is believed that the main route of infant infection are intrauterine infection and vaginal contact infection,and maternal HPV infection is not the indication of tennination of pregnancy and cesarean section.Surgery is the main treatment method at present,and adjuvant therapy such as HPV vaccination is playing an increasingly important role.