受事主语句首论元生命度认知加工研究

Online Processing of Patient Subject Construction NP+VP

本文运用眼动追踪技术,对汉语无标记受事主语句“NP+VP”在线认知加工机制进行研究。以首论元NP的生命度为被试内变量,被试包括25名汉语母语者和25名汉语二语学习者。研究发现首论元NP的生命度信息和语言背景都对无标记受事主语句的加工存在显著影响。首论元NP的生命度为人的受事主语句会比首论元NP生命度较低的情况增加被试加工的负担,尤其是对汉语二语学习者来说加工时间更长,而且晚期加工阶段首论元NP的生命度信息、词频信息和被试的语言背景之间存在显著的交互效应。

Based on the eye-tracking methodology,this paper selects“NP+VP”,in which the head argument is the patient and the agent does not appear.Therefore,a two-factor mixed experiment is designed,namely the animacy of the subject NP is taken as the internal variables,and the language type is taken as the internal variable.Chinese L2 learners are used as variables between subjects.With the linear mixed effect model,we observe that both animacy of the first argument and language levels have significant effects on the processing of unmarked Chinese patient subject constructions.Specifically,when the first argument NP is a human subject sentence,it causes longer reading times,which increases the processing burden of the subjects,especially for Chinese L2 speakers,compared to the inanimate argument NP for Chinese patient subject constructions.It is empirically proved that the characteristics of Chinese subject sentences and language levels are the main reasons in the acquisition of Chinese patient subject constructions.In the late processing stage,there is a significant interaction between the animacy information,word frequency of the first argument NP,and the language levels of the subjects.