企业逆向国际化研究述评及未来展望

A Literature Review of Reverse Internationalization of Enterprises and Prospects for Future Research

近年来跨国企业的逆向国际化经营在发达国家和新兴市场国家愈演愈烈,然而既有关于企业逆向国际化的研究主题呈现零散、碎片化的状态,且理论构建尚处于探索发展过程中。采用定性与定量相结合的方法对184篇企业逆向国际化相关文献进行系统梳理和提炼,首先阐述了企业逆向国际化的概念特征及维度测量,继而对企业逆向国际化的影响前因、中介路径和调节因素三个方面的理论分析和实证研究进行归纳述评。在此基础上构建企业逆向国际化的整合研究框架并提出未来的研究方向,主要包括明晰企业逆向国际化的构念维度、检验高管特质及行业创新导向等要素对企业逆向国际化的影响,剖析逆向国际化与企业绩效的非线性关系以及拓展企业逆向国际化的研究情境及作用路径。

In recent years, the reverse internationalization(RI) of multinational enterprises is becoming more and more intense in developed and emerging market countries. However, the academic researches on the RI are scattered and fragmented, and theoretical building is still in the process of exploration. With a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, based on the 184 articles related to the RI of enterprises, this paper firstly reviews the concept and measurements, and then summarizes the antecedents, mediators and moderators of RI based on the theoretical and empirical research. Furthermore, a comprehensive research framework of RI is proposed and the future research opportunities are discussed, which mainly include clearing the construct dimension of enterprise reverse internationalization, verifying the impact of antecedents such as executive characteristics and industry innovation orientation on enterprise reverse internationalization, analyzing the non-linear relationship between reverse internationalization and enterprise performance, and expanding the research situation and mediation path of enterprise reverse internationalization.