政府购买社会服务中的控制权分配研究

The Allocation of Control Rights in Government Social Service Purchase

政府购买社会服务是社会治理的重要途径,其极大地刺激了社会组织的发展活力,同时也提升了公共部门的治理效率。以Y社工组织承接的服务项目为例,探讨控制权在政府组织(发包方)和社工组织(承包方)之间的配置情况。研究发现:社工组织和政府发包方在政府购买社会服务项目过程中实现合作共赢,但项目的目标设定权、检查验收权和实施/激励权基本由发包方实质掌握,双方的组织边界变得模糊,社工组织的自主发展面临挑战。另外,发包方集中项目控制权的成本低和收益高、承包方获得的政策支持力度低以及双方资源不对称等因素使得社工组织难以掌握项目控制权,导致政府组织得以通过控制项目服务过程及社工组织的资源配置来满足自身的行政需求。

Government purchase of social services is an important way of social governance, which greatly stimulates the development vitality of social organizations and also improves the governance efficiency of the public sector. Taking Y social work organization undertaking government purchase service projects as an example, we discuss the allocation of control rights between the purchaser and the contractor.The study finds that social work organizations and government contractors achieved win-win cooperation in the process of government purchasing social service projects, but the control rights in goal setting, inspection and incentive are basically controlled by the purchaser. So the boundaries between social work organization and the purchaser become blurred and the independent development of social work organizations faces challenges. Additionally, the low cost and high benefits of the purchaser’s centralized control rights, the low policy support received by the contractor, and the asymmetric resources make it difficult for the social work organization to hold the project control rights, causing that the government organizations to meet their administrative needs by controlling the project-in-process and the resource allocation of social organization.