理论结合体验教育护理在特发性肺动脉高压患者中的应用

Application of theory combined with experience education nursing in patients with idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension

目的探讨理论结合体验教育护理在特发性肺动脉高压(IPAH)患者康复中的应用。方法济宁医学院附属医院呼吸内科于2017年12月实施理论结合体验教育护理。采用便利抽样法,选取2016年8月-2017年12月收治的53例IPAH患者作为对照组,给予常规护理。选取2018年1月-2019年5月收治的53例IPAH患者作为研究组,在对照组基础上给予理论结合体验教育护理。在干预前、出院1个月后采用自我护理能力(ESCA)量表、简明健康量表(SF-36)、6 min步行距离(6MWD)及Borg呼吸困难评分(BS)对两组患者进行评估,并记录住院及出院1个月期间两组并发症的发生情况。结果出院1个月后,研究组ESCA量表中自理技能、自理概念、自理责任、健康知识及自理能力总评分得分分别为(35.52±2.16)、(22.32±1.55)、(27.15±2.02)、(48.67±2.85)、(130.67±3.38)分,SF-36中躯体功能、角色功能、精力、情绪功能、社会功能、心理健康及整体健康得分分别为(74.73±12.83)、(71.79±11.31)、(72.06±11.43)、(69.67±10.54)、(71.23±10.72)、(72.43±13.30)、(65.45±14.27)分,6MWD距离(512.67±86.85)m,BS得分(3.79±0.85)分,与对照组相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。住院及出院1个月期间,研究组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论理论结合体验教育护理能够提升IPAH患者自理能力,提高其生活质量水平,减少并发症发生率,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To explore the application of nursing of theory education combined with experience education in the rehabilitation of patients with idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension(IPAH).Methods Nursing of theory education combined with experience education was carried out in Department of Respiratory Medicine in Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University in December 2017.Using the convenient sampling method,53 patients with IPAH who were admitted from August 2016 to December 2017 were selected as the control group and they were given routine nursing.A total of 53 IPAH patients who were admitted from January 2018 to May 2019 were selected as the research group,and they were given nursing of theory combined with experience education at basis of the control group.Before the intervention and 1 month after discharge from the hospital,patients in two groups were assesses by Exercise of Self-Care Agency(ESCA)scale,the MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey(SF-36),6 minutes walking distance(6MWD)and Borg Scale(BS),and the occurrence of complications in the two groups during hospitalization and discharge for 1 month was recorded.Results After 1 month of discharge,scores of self-care skills,self-care concept,self-care responsibilities and health knowledge and the total self-care score of ESCA were respectively(35.52±2.16),(22.32±1.55),(27.15±2.02),(48.67±2.85)and(130.67±3.38).Scores of physical functioning,role-physical,vitality,role-emotional,social functioning and mental health and overall health score of SF-36 were respectively(74.73±12.83),(71.79±11.31),(72.06±11.43),(69.67±10.54),(71.23±10.72),(72.43±13.30)and(65.45±14.27).The 6MWD distance was(512.67±86.85)m,and BS score was(3.79±0.85).Compared with the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).During hospitalization and one month after discharge,the complication rate of the research group was lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions Nursing of theory education combined with experience education can improve the self-care ability of IPAH patients,improve their quality of life,and reduce the incidence of complications,which is worthy of clinical application.