评估及非药物干预在术后恶心呕吐管理中应用的研究进展

Research progress of evaluation and non-pharmacological intervention in the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting

术后恶心呕吐(PONV)是一种常见的麻醉术后并发症,可能会导致患者脱水、电解质失衡甚至是误吸。尽管麻醉技术取得了长足的进步,但PONV发病率仍然较高。非药物干预是管理PONV的重要方式,但并未引起足够的重视。本文对PONV的不良影响、风险预测及严重程度评估工具、非药物干预方法进行回顾,以便护士更好地了解PONV的管理现状,进而为完善PONV管理策略提供参考。

Postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)is a common complication after aesthesia,which may cause dehydration,electrolyte imbalance and even aspiration.Although anesthesia technology has made great progress,the incidence of PONV is still high.Non-pharmacological intervention is an important way to manage PONV,but it has not attracted enough attention.This paper reviews the adverse effects,risk prediction and severity assessment tools of PONV,and non-drug intervention methods,so that nurses can better understand the management status of PONV,and then provide reference for improving the management strategy of PONV.