胰岛素治疗妊娠糖尿病患者的临床疗效以及安全性

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Insulin in the Patients with Gestational Diabetes

目的探讨胰岛素治疗妊娠糖尿病(GDM)患者的临床疗效以及安全性。方法选取佛山市南海区第六人民医院2018年7月至2019年12月收治的60例GDM患者作为研究对象,将其随机分为对照组与观察组,各30例。对照组患者采用饮食控制血糖方法,保持适宜运动,观察组患者接受胰岛素治疗。比较两组患者围生期血糖控制情况、不良反应和妊娠结局。结果观察组患者围生期的空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)水平明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的剖宫产、酮症酸中毒、死胎、早产等不良反应发生率(3.33%)明显低于对照组(26.67%)(χ~2=11.58,P=0.00),发生巨大儿、胎儿生长受限、新生儿肺炎、新生儿窒息等不良妊娠结局概率明显低于对照组(P<0.05),而两组患者发生感染概率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论胰岛素治疗GDM疗效显著,可有效控制患者血糖,降低不良反应,改善妊娠结局。

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of insulin in the treatment of patients with gestational diabetes.Methods A total of sixty patients with gestational diabetes treated in the Sixth People’s Hospital of Nanhai District of Foshan from July 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the research objects and and were randomly divided them into a control group(n=30)and an observation group,with thirty cases in each group.Patients in the control group used diet to control blood sugar and maintained appropriate exercise.Patients in the observation group received insulin therapy.The perinatal blood glucose control,adverse reactions and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results The perinatal fasting blood glucose(FBG),2 h postprandial blood glucose(2 hPBG),and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbAlc)levels of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse reactions such as cesarean section,ketoacidosis,stillbirth,and premature delivery(3.33%)was significantly lower than that of the control group(26.67%)(χ~2=11.58,P=0.00).The probability of adverse pregnancy outcomes of macrosomia,fetal growth restriction,neonatal pneumonia,neonatal asphyxia etc.was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the probability of infection between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Insulin is effective in treating GDM,which can effectively control the blood sugar of patients,reduce adverse reactions,and improve pregnancy outcomes.