坚定与动摇:新闻从业者的职业承诺及其影响因素研究

Adhering or Wavering:Study on the Occupational Commitment of Journalists and Its Influencing Factors

本研究对全国范围内396名新闻从业者进行问卷调查,考察其职业承诺状况。职业承诺可划分为情感承诺、继续承诺和规范承诺等三个维度,研究发现该群体职业承诺状况整体处于中等水平,情感承诺和规范承诺表现较低、继续承诺表现较好。从业体验、职业志向危机和职业期望价值等三类因素对新闻从业者的职业承诺水平产生影响:从业体验层面,接受新闻教育年限和工作满意度具有显著的正面促进作用;职业志向危机层面,当从业者感知舆论监督功能和社会关怀面向存在理想与现实差异时,则职业承诺较低;职业期望价值层面,职业效能感知中的音视频技能因素与职业价值感知中的保健因素、声望地位因素和发展因素对职业承诺水平具有显著正面作用,而外部机会感知则具有负面影响。从业体验和职业志向危机对职业承诺的影响不仅具有直接效应,还可通过影响职业期望价值来产生间接效应。

A nationwide survey(N=396)was conducted on occupational commitment of journalists in China.Occupational commitment consists of three dimensions:emotional commitment,continuous commitment and normative commitment.The result shows that journalists have a medium level of occupational commitment,in which continuance commitment is relatively high,and affective commitment and normative commitment are both relatively low.Three categories of factors affect those occupational commitments.Among the factors of work experience,journalism education and job satisfaction have a significant positive effect on occupational commitment;among the factors of professional aspiration crisis,media roles and ideal news outlets have a significant effect;among the factors of occupational expectancyvalue,video skills,hygiene factors,prestige status factors and development factors have a significant positive effect,while perceived opportunities have a negative impact.Work experience and professional aspiration crisis not only have a direct effect on occupational commitment,but also have an indirect effect by affecting the expectancy-value factors.