快速城镇化背景下山地城市生态系统服务价值变化梯度特征——以贵阳市为例

Characteristics of Gradient Change of the Value of Mountain Ecosystem Services with the Rapid Urbanization in Urban Area——A Case Study of Guiyang

山地城市的城镇化特点明显有别于其他城市,在快速城镇化背景下,其土地利用结构和格局势必发生剧烈改变,进而影响生态系统服务变化特征。为厘清城镇化影响下山地城市生态系统服务变化规律,以典型山地城市——贵阳市为例,基于1995年、2005年、2015年遥感解译数据,利用生态系统服务价值系数法,在ArcGIS软件支持下分析了快速城镇化背景下贵阳市生态系统服务变化的地形和社会经济梯度特征。结果表明:快速城镇化使得贵阳市中南部地区生态系统服务价值呈下降趋势。除人口密度梯度外,1995—2005年和2005—2015年贵阳市供给服务价值在各地形梯度和社会经济梯度上均呈增加趋势,而调节服务、支持服务、文化服务和总服务价值随着地形及社会经济梯度的增加由下降趋势转为上升趋势,生态系统服务价值在人口密度梯度上呈现波动起伏特点。在山地地形约束下,快速城镇化与一系列生态保护工程耦合作用是形成贵阳市生态系统服务价值变化梯度特征的重要因素。

The characteristics of urbanization in the mountain cities are obviously different cities.With the rapid urbanization,the structures and patterns of land-use are bound to change dramatically,which will affect the further changes of the ecosystem service characteristics in urban area.We took Guiyang,which is a typical mountain city,as an example to clarify the rules of the changes of ecosystem services under the influence of urbanization within mountain city.We analyzed the terrain and socio-economic characteristics of gradient change of the value of mountain ecosystem services under the background of rapid urbanization in Guiyang with the help of ArcGIS.The research is based on the remote sensing data of the year 1995,2005 and 2015 by using the value coefficient method of ecosystem services.The results show that the ecosystem services value decreased due to rapid urbanization in central and southern Guiyang;the supply service value was increasing in all terrain gradients,social and economic gradients;except the population density gradient,the trends of regulating service,supporting service,cultural service and total service value had changed from decrease to increase with the increase in terrain and social-economic gradients from 1995 to 2005 and from 2005 to 2015.Ecosystem service values showed the characteristics of fluctuation in the gradient of population density.The coupling effect of rapid urbanization and a series of ecological protection projects under the constraints of mountainous terrain is the significant factor that causes the value changing of the gradient characteristics of urban ecosystem in Guiyang City.