乌鲁木齐市4种绿化树种叶片滞尘量对叶片光合气体交换参数的影响

Effects of Leaf Dust Removal on Leaf Photosynthetic Gas Exchange Parameters of Four Greening Tree Species in Urumqi City

[目的]研究绿化树种叶面滞尘能力和蒙尘对叶片光合气体交换参数的影响,可为绿化树种的科学选择、栽培以及抗逆性品种的培育提供依据。[方法]以乌鲁木齐主要绿化树种刺槐、丁香、圆叶榆、大叶白蜡为观测对象,分别测定了4种绿化树种叶片在洁净时和蒙尘后的叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)等气体交换参数,运用相关性分析和回归分析等方法,分析了不同植物的滞尘能力、蒙尘前后光合气体参数的损失率变化以及滞尘量与光合气体参数损失率之间的关系。[结果]4种植物的滞尘能力有所差异,由大到小为刺槐、丁香、圆冠榆、大叶白蜡。植物叶片在受到蒙尘时不同植物叶片光合气体参数损失率有明显区别。[结论]4种植物的滞尘量与光合气体参数损失率之间呈显著正相关(P<0.05),植物叶片光合气体交换参数损失率随着植物叶面滞尘量的增加而增加。

[Objective]To study the effects of leaf dust retention ability and dust on the photosynthetic gas exchange parameters of greening tree species,which can provide a basis for scientific selection,cultivation and breeding of stress-resistant varieties of greening tree species.[Method]Taking Robinia pseudoacacia L.,Syzygium aromaticum,Ulmus densa Litw.and Fraxinus rhynchophylla as the observation objects,the net photosynthetic rate(P n),stomatal conductance(G S),transpiration rate(T r)and other gas exchange parameters of the leaves of four greening trees under clean and dusty were measured.The dust retention capacity of different plants,the loss rate of photosynthetic gas parameters before and after dusting,and the loss of dust and photosynthetic gas parameters were analyzed.[Result]The dust retention ability of the four plants was different,R.pseudoacacia>S.aromaticum>U.densa Litw.>F.rhynchophylla.There was a significant difference in the loss rate of photosynthetic gas parameters between plant leaves when they were exposed to dust.[Conclusion]There was a significant positive correlation between the dust retention of 4 plants and the loss rate of photosynthetic gas parameters(P<0.05).The loss rate of photosynthetic gas exchange parameters of plant leaves increased with the increase of plant dust surface.