茶树菇变温热风干燥工艺研究

Study on Hot-air Drying of Agrocybe aegerita Under Variable Temperature Process

为研究茶树菇变温热风干燥特性,分析升温速率和间歇干燥对茶树菇干燥特性、干品感官和能耗的影响,进行了4种工艺的变温热风干燥试验。结果表明,35~60℃的茶树菇变温热风干燥包括恒速干燥和降速干燥2个阶段,提高升温速率可以加快干燥速率,在试验中增加干燥间歇可以缩短净干燥时间0.5~1.5 h,节约能耗2.6~5.1 MJ。结合干品感官、干燥时间和能耗进行综合评价,缓速阶梯式升温工艺的干品感官最佳,但干燥周期较长、能耗较高,增加干燥间歇可以缩短净干燥时间,并得到较好的干品感官品质,降低干燥能耗,利于实现干燥时间、感官品质和能耗的平衡。

Four hot-air drying experiments under variable temperature were performed for researching drying characteristics of Agrocybe aegerita.The effects of temperature rise rate and intermittent on drying characteristics,sensory and energy consumption were analyzed.The results indicated that variable temperature drying process of Agrocybe aegerita at 35~60℃consists of constant rate phase and falling rate phase.In these experiments,the drying rate could be improved by faster warming rate.The net drying time could be shortened by 0.5~1.5 h and the energy consumption could be reduced 2.6~5.1 MJ by intermittent drying process.The sensory,drying time and energy consumption were compared comprehensively,variable temperature drying process slowly warming had the best sensory of dried product,but also had the longer drying time and higher energy consumption.By the methods of increasing drying rate and setting drying interval,the product quality could be satisfactory with the shorter net drying time and lower energy consumption.It was easier to balance drying time,sensory quality and energy consumption.