血管细胞在体力学微环境简析

In vivo Mechanical Niches of Vascular Cells

在脉搏血压和血流作用下血管承受的弹性应力、黏性剪切应力以及管壁基质的力学特性构成血管细胞的在体力学微环境,这些力学刺激参与调控管壁细胞的生物学响应,诱导血管组织的重建和病变。虽然目前有大量关于血管力学生物学的实验研究,但是体外实验中施加的力学刺激与血管生理和病理条件的定量相关性仍缺乏必要的讨论。总结血管细胞在体力学微环境的量化评估方法,聚焦生理位置和老化对管壁力学行为的影响。探讨细胞力学微环境的生理和病理特性,以及对当前血管力学生物学研究的启示。

The elastic stress and viscous shear stress experienced by the vessel wall under pulse blood pressure and blood flow and the mechanical properties of the substrate constitute the in vivo mechanical niches of vascular cells,and these mechanical stimuli are involved in regulating the biological responses of vascular cells and inducing the remodeling and pathological changes of vascular tissues. Although many experimental studies on vascular mechanobiology have been reported,the quantitative correlation between the mechanical stimuli of in vitro experiments and the physiological and pathological conditions of blood vessels remains to be elucidated.This paper summarized the quantitative evaluation method of in vivo mechanical niches of vascular cells from the viewpoint of biomechanics,and then focused on effects of the physiological locations and aging on mechanical behaviors of the vessel wall. This paper also explored the physiological and pathological characteristics of the cellular mechanical niches and their implications for current vascular mechanobiological studies.