气味受体及其遗传变异在家畜食欲调节中的生理作用

Physiological Role of Odor Receptor and its Genetic Variation in Appetite Regulation in Livestock

嗅觉受体是G蛋白偶联的化学受体,在鼻腔内数以百万计的嗅觉感觉神经元上表达。这些受体通过探测环境气味,并向大脑发出信号,告诉饲料的位置、潜在的伴侣以及可能存在的威胁。嗅觉受体也存在于鼻腔以外的器官中,结合来自动物内部环境的营养素和代谢物等分子,以引起生理反应,包括肠道动力、通气率和细胞迁移的变化。该文概述了脊椎动物的气味受体及其遗传变异性在家畜食欲调节中的生理作用,促进新的气味受体激动剂的开发和特定受体变体的遗传选择。

Olfactory receptors are G protein-coupled chemical receptors that are expressed in millions of olfactory sensory neurons in the nasal cavity.These receptors detect environmental odors and send signals to the brain,telling it the position of the feed,potential partners and possible threats.Olfactory receptors also exist in organs other than the nasal cavity.They bind molecules such as nutrients and metabolites from the internal environment of animals to induce physiological responses,including changes in intestinal motility,ventilation rate and cell migration.This paper summarized the physiological roles of odor receptors and their genetic variability in the regulation of appetite in livestock,and to promote the development of new odor receptor agonists and the genetic selection of specific receptor variants.