基于空间尺寸与布局特征的中小学校体量类型化解析

Analysis of the Volume Type of Primary and Secondary Schools based on the Characteristics of Space in Size and Layout

中小学校事关国家基础教育事业根本。中小学校具备空间类型统一、体量构成逻辑性强的特征。文章基于类型学的归纳思维,运用图解等分析方法,通过规范与案例的解读、空间尺寸的分析与整合以及整合空间的功能布局解析,最终提出了一种中小学校体量及其模式类型的构成语汇——由基本体量、连接体量与附加体量构成的中小学校体量设计体系以及由连接体量和附加体量构成的体量深化模式。根据中小学建筑空间单体及其组合的规律对建筑进行类型化解析,为该类型建筑的优化与生成式设计提供指导及参考指标。

The construction of primary and secondary schools is related to the foundation of national basic education.Primary and secondary schools have the characteristics of unified space type and logical volume composition.Based on the inductive thinking of typology and the use of graphic analysis methods,through the interpretation of norms and cases,the analysis and integration of spatial dimensions,and the analysis of the functional layout of the integrated space,this paper finally puts forward a vocabulary of the volume and its patterns of primary and secondary schools,which are the volume design system composed of basic volume,connecting volume and additional volume,and the volume deepening pattern composed of connecting volume and additional volume.According to the rules of elementary and middle school building space and its combination,the building is typed and analyzed to provide guidance and reference indicators for the optimization and generative design of this type of building.