安徽省居民疟疾防治知识知晓现状及影响因素分析

Survey of the current status and its influencing factors of malaria prevention knowledge among residents in Anhui province

目的:了解安徽省居民疟疾防治知识知晓现状及影响因素,为开展有针对性的疟疾健康教育方案提供参考依据。方法:采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取安徽省中部(合肥、滁州、六安)和北部(蚌埠、淮南、淮北、亳州、宿州、阜阳) 9个市4 520名城乡居民进行疟疾知识的横断面问卷调查。结果:疟疾防治知识总知晓率80.2%(3 624/4 520),疟防核心知识各条知识知晓率在70.7%~89.0%;不同性别、文化程度、家庭年收入、居住地、是否定期体检、是否有亲属是医务人员、对自身健康关心程度、对疟疾等寄生虫病新闻关注情况、是否得过疟疾、是否接受过健康教育、不同职业的居民疟疾防治知识知晓率组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,性别、文化程度、对身体健康关心程度、对寄生虫病新闻关注情况、是否接受过疟防健康教育是疟疾防治知识知晓率的影响因素。结论:安徽省疟疾流行区居民疟疾防治知识知晓率较高,达到了消除疟疾评估要求;但仍需进一步加强疟疾健康教育工作,尤其是女性居民及劳务输出人员的健康教育。

Objective: To understand the status and its influencing factors of malaria prevention knowledge among residents in Anhui province, and to provide reference for the development of targeted malaria health education programs. Method: Using multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method,4 520 urban and rural residents from 9 cities in central Anhui( Hefei,Chu zhou and Lu’an) and northern Anhui( Benbu,Huainan,Huaibei,Zhangzhou,Suzhou and Fuyang) were selected for cross-sectional survey. Results: The total awareness rate of malaria prevention and control knowledge was 80. 2%( 3 624/4 520), and the knowledge awareness rate of malaria prevention core knowledge was between 70. 7% and 89. 0%. And the knowledge awareness rate of residents in different gender,different education level,different family annual income,different place of residence,whether they had regular medical checkup,whether there relatives were medical staff,whether they care about their health,whether they paid attention to news about malaria and other parasitic diseases,whether they had malaria,whether they had received health education,and different occupations was statistically significant( P < 0. 05). Logistic regression analysis showed that gender,education level,concern for physical health,attention to parasitic diseases,and malaria prevention education were the influencing factors of malaria prevention knowledge awareness rate. Conclusions: The awareness rate of malaria prevention and control among residents in malaria endemic areas in Anhui province is relatively high,which meets the requirements for malaria elimination assessment. However,it is still necessary to further strengthen malaria health education,especially the health education of female residents and labor exporters.