突发公共事件治理困境及消解——以“新冠肺炎疫情”为例

The Predicaments and Countermeasure of the Public Emergency Management

提升突发公共危机事件的应对能力是保障人民群众生命安全、维护社会稳定有序的现实需要。"新冠肺炎疫情"应对中存在一些问题,如:对可能出现的风险预估不足、盲目乐观;相关法律体系不完善;疾控机制有缺陷;舆论引导能力不足;政社对接不畅,社会组织"志愿失灵"等问题。提升突发公共危机事件治理能力应多方联动,构建"合作共治"治理模式;做好预防,完善应急管理体系;搭建云治理平台,推进治理内容精细化;合理引导舆情,做好信息管理工作;明确基层政府角色定位,强化职能担当;构建社会组织承接政府职能机制,提升治理能力。

At present, China’s situation of covid-19 control is still severe, with continuous stress of external transmission and domestic epidemic rebound prevention. As the disease control being constant, the effective governance measures are more urgent to the public. It is the realistic requirement to protect people’s life and safety, to maintain social stability and public order by enhancing the coping abilities against public outburst. Problems like the negligence of risk assessment, the loophole in legal system, defects of current disease control mechanism, the weak management of public opinion, the disconnection of policy maker and the public, the malfunction of volunteer organizations exist in coping with the epidemic. Therefore, actions should be taken to improve the management capacity against the public outbursts by establishing a cooperative mode with multi-levels, strengthening the prevention and emergency handling, promoting cloud governance and fine management practice, managing the public opinion and public information, defining the role and responsibility of local government, constructing co-management mechanism between social organizations and the government.