兰州市城关区梅毒疫情流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of syphilis in Chengguan district of Lanzhou city

目的分析2014—2018年甘肃省兰州市城关区梅毒流行病学特征,探讨影响因素,为制订防控措施提供科学依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统性病防治信息系统中,导出2014—2018年兰州市城关区各医疗机构报告的梅毒病例资料,采用描述流行病学方法分析流行特征。结果2014—2018年兰州市城关区累计报告梅毒病例3297例,年均发病率为46.87/10万,发病率呈逐年上升趋势(χ^2=453.328,P<0.05);各期梅毒均检出,隐性梅毒占多数(97.12%);男性高于女性,男女性别比为1.01∶1;以20~49岁为多、占47.74%,60岁及以上感染者稳步增长、占32.91%;呈现出以农民(28.72%)、中学文化程度(60.99%)、性接触传染(73.19%)和已婚(70.31%)居多的特点;病例主要来源于其他就诊者检查、占56.90%。结论兰州市城关区梅毒疫情逐渐严重,老年病例逐年增多;应针对不同人群开展健康教育和行为干预,同时提倡主动检测,最大限度地发现隐性感染者,及时规范治疗、切断传播途径,控制梅毒疫情的蔓延。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in Chengguan district of Lanzhou city,Gansu province from 2014 to 2018,and discuss the influencing factors,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures.Methods The data of syphilis reported by the medical institutions in Chengguan district of Lanzhou city from 2014 to 2018 were derived from the Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention and Control Information System of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention Information System,and the epidemiological characteristics were analyzed with descriptive epidemiology method.Results Totally 3297 syphilis cases were cumulatively reported in Chengguan district of Lanzhou city from 2014 to 2018,and the average annual incidence rate was 46.87/100000 with the increasing trend of the incidence rate year by year(χ^2=453.328,P<0.01).All the stages of syphilis were detected,with the dominant of latent syphilis(97.12%).Male cases were more than females with the ratio of 1.01∶1.The cases aged 20-49 years accounted for 47.74%,and the number of cases aged 60 years and over increased steadily,accounting for 32.91%.The cases of farmers(28.72%),educational background of middle school(60.99%),sexual transmission(73.19%)and the married(70.31%)were in the majority.The cases were mainly found from the patients took other examinations,accounting for 56.90%.Conclusions The epidemic of syphilis is getting gradually severe in Chengguan district of Lanzhou city,and the elder cases increase year by year.The health education,behavior intervention and active detection should be carried out aiming at different populations,so as to discover the latent infector for standard treatment in time furthest.Prompt and standard therapy,breaking the transmission route should also be developed to control the spread of syphilis.