2018年山东省单光子发射型电子计算机断层扫描仪工作场所防护现状及辐射水平调查

Survey on radiological protection status and radiation exposure level at SPECT workplace,Shandong province,2018

目的了解山东省单光子发射型电子计算机断层扫描仪(SPECT)工作场所放射防护现状和存在的问题,并提出相应对策。方法采用简单随机抽样方法,在济南市、青岛市、潍坊市、烟台市和威海市选取10个SPECT放射工作场所进行监测和现场调查,医院SPECT机房个人防护用品和辅助防护设施用现场填表的方法收集,机房辐射防护水平和SPECT工作场所污染水平用现场监测的方法收集。结果SPECT工作场所均有放射性废物收集的废物桶、患者专用卫生间,6个场所具有放射性废物存放的贮存室,3个场所配备了立式移动防护屏,有立式移动防护屏比无立式移动防护屏摆位操作人员各部位所受辐射剂量明显减少,差异有统计学意义(头部、胸部、腹部、下肢t=47.32、28.43、26.89、42.74,P<0.01),分装孔左右两侧5cm处同分装柜外30cm处周围剂量当量率不同(P<0.01),分装车及牛头注射窗口同样有统计学意义(P<0.01),注射车与牛头注射窗口周围剂量当量率不同(P<0.01)。结论通过对山东省SPECT工作场所放射防护现状分析,提出完善SPECT放射工作场所布局设计,提高操作人员防护水平等建议。

Objective To understand the status and problems of radiation protection in single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT)in Shandong province,and put forward corresponding countermeasures.Methods Using simple random sampling method,10SPECT radiation workplaces in Jinan,Qingdao,Weifang,Yantai and Weihai city were selected for monitoring and field investigation,personal protective equipment and auxiliary protective in hospital SPECT room by facilities field method of filling collection,methods of field monitoring of radiation protection level in computer room and SPECT workplace contamination level were collected.Results SPECT workplaces all had waste bins for radioactive waste collection and patient-only restrooms,6places had radioactive waste storage storage room,3sites were equipped with vertical movable protective screens,the radiation dose of each part of the operator with the movable protection screen with the movable protection screen was significantly reduced compared with that without the movable protection screen without the movable protection screen,the difference was statistically significant(t values of head,chest,abdomen and lower limbs was 47.32,28.43,26.89and 42.74,respectively,P<0.01),the dose equivalent rate at 5cm on both sides of the loading hole was different from that around 30cm outside the loading tank,this was statistically significant(P<0.01),the sub-loading vehicle and the cow head injection window were the same statistically significant(P<0.01),the dose equivalent rates around the injection window were different between the injection cart and the cow head(P<0.01).Conclusion It is necessary to further improve the SPECT radiation workplace layout design,improve the level of protection of operators,strengthen the SPECT radiation workplace management,and equip with perfect protection facilities.