控烟主题班会对提高小学生控烟知识与行为效果的评价

Evaluation on effect of tobacco-control theme class meeting on improving tobacco control knowledge and behavior of primary school students

目的评价控烟主题班会前后对提高小学生控烟知识与行为的效果,为探索学校控烟健康教育方法提供科学依据。方法2018年5月采用整群随机抽样方法,分别在青岛市市南区抽取2所小学,每所小学从三、五年级分别抽取1个班分别进行干预前后的问卷调查。结果共抽取4个班159人,发放问卷159份,收回问卷159份,问卷应答率为100%。获取有效问卷159份,问卷有效率为100%。学生的平均年龄为(10.71±1.21)岁;男生75名(47.17%),女生84名(52.83%);控烟主题班会前,学生对于“世界无烟日时间”、“吸烟可导致肺癌”、“吸烟可导致气管炎、支气管炎”、“吸烟可导致高血压”、“吸烟可导致龋齿”的知晓率分别为:77.12%、94.34%、43.40%、7.55%和8.18%。“有人在你面前吸烟,会劝阻”的比例为51.61%,“未曾尝试过吸烟,即使一口”的比例为96.23%。控烟主题班会后,学生对于“世界无烟日时间”、“吸烟可导致肺癌”、“吸烟可导致气管炎、支气管炎”、“吸烟可导致高血压”、“吸烟可导致龋齿”的知晓率分别为:98.74%、98.11%、72.96%、88.68%和11.95%。“有人在你面前吸烟,会劝阻”的比例为55.41%,“未曾尝试过吸烟,即使一口”的比例为98.10%。学生对于“世界无烟日时间”(P<0.01)、“烟草烟雾中对人体危害最主要的物质”(P<0.01)、吸烟可以导致“气管炎及支气管炎”(P<0.01)和“高血压”(P<0.01)的知晓率较控烟主题班会前有明显提高;干预前后,学生的控烟行为未发生明显变化(P>0.05);公益广告(75.47%)是小学生了解烟草对健康危害最喜欢的途径。结论控烟主题班会可以有效的提高小学生的控烟知识知晓率,但不能很快促使小学生控烟行为的形成。

Objective To evaluate the effect of improving primary school students'tobacco control knowledge and behavior before and after the tobacco control theme class meeting,so as to provide scientific basis for exploring school tobacco control health education methods.Methods In May 2018,2primary schools were selected from Shinan district,Qingdao city by cluster random sampling method,and 1class from grade 3and grade 5of each primary school was selected to conduct questionnaire survey before and after the intervention.Results A total of 159people from 4classes were selected,159questionnaires were distributed and 159questionnaires were returned,with a response rate of 100%.159valid questionnaires were obtained,and the effective rate was 100%.The average age of the students was(10.71±1.21),including 75boys(47.17%)and 84girls(52.83%).Before the tobacco-control theme class meeting,the awareness rate of"date of World No-smoking Day","smoking can cause lung cancer""smoking can cause tracheitis and bronchitis","smoking can cause hypertension"and"smoking can cause tooth decay"was 77.12%,94.34%,43.40%,7.55%and 8.18%respectively.The rates of"you will discourage if someone is smoking in front of you"and"you never tried to smoke"was 51.61%and 96.23%respectively.After the tobacco-control theme class meeting,the awareness rate of"date of World No-smoking Day","smoking can cause lung cancer","smoking can cause tracheitis and bronchitis","smoking can cause hypertension"and"smoking can cause tooth decay"was 98.74%,98.11%,72.96%,88.68%and 11.95%respectively.The rate of"You will discourage if someone is smoking in front of you"and"you never tried to smoke"was 55.41%and 98.10%respectively.The awareness rate of"date of World No-smoking Day"(P<0.01),"the most harmful substances in tobacco smoke"(P<0.01),"smoking can cause tracheitis and bronchitis"(P<0.01)and"smoking can cause hypertension"(P<0.01)improved significantly comparing with the baseline.While,there was no significant change among behavior rate of tobacco-control(P>0.05).Public advertising(75.47%)was the favorite way to know tobacco harm to health among the primary students.Conclusion Tobacco control theme class meeting can effectively improve the awareness rate of primary school students'tobacco control knowledge,but it can not quickly promote the formation of primary school students'tobacco control behavior.