公有制及其基本构成:社会主义政治经济学的主体范畴与核心范畴

The System of Public Ownership and Its Basic Components:The Subjective and Core Conceptions of Socialist Political Economy

马克思主义的社会主义政治经济学和中国特色社会主义政治经济学要想坚守住自己的方向、性质与使命,必须明确主体范畴:公有权、联合劳动及其民主管理、按劳分配。这三方面基本构成社会主义生产关系的总和即公有制。中国特色社会主义实行主体性公有权、主体性联合劳动和主体性按劳分配,需以非公有制、新型雇佣劳动和按要素所有权分配作为主体范畴的补充范畴。由于政治经济学研究的是生产关系,而社会主义生产关系的总和就是社会主义公有制,公有权和公有制能够决定、制约、辐射其他范畴和原理的性质,派生本学科其他内容,因此以公有权为核心的公有制是社会主义政治经济学的核心范畴。中国特色社会主义政治经济学的核心范畴是受非公有制和市场机制影响的公有制。

The Marxist socialist political economy and the socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics should uphold their orientations,essences,and missions.Their subjective conceptions must be clarified such as public ownership,joint labor and its democratic management,and distribution according to work performance.These three basic elements compose the totality of socialist relations of production,i.e.the system of public ownership.Socialism with Chinese characteristics applies subjective public ownership,subjective joint labor,and subjective distribution according to work performance.It needs such supplementary conceptions for the subjective conceptions as non-public ownership,new types of hired labor,and distribution according to factor ownerships.Since what political economy studies is the relations of production while the totality of socialist relations of production is the system of socialist public ownership that determines,constrains,and radiates the nature of other conceptions and principles and derives other contents of this discipline,the system of public ownership centered around public ownership is the core conception of the socialist political economy.The core conception of the socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics is the system of public ownership affected by non-public ownership and market mechanisms.