高铁隧道钻爆法主要工序作业时间特征研究

Study on the Working Time Characteristics of Main Procedures of Drilling and Blasting Method in High-Speed Railway Tunnel

为合理预测采用钻爆法施工的高速铁路隧道施工工期,对直接影响隧道开挖进度的掌子面钻孔、装药爆破、出渣、立架和湿喷五部工序的作业时间特征进行研究。采用数理统计方法,分析了350 km/h双线高速铁路隧道五部工序实际开挖参数及作业时间。五部工序的作业时间均受隧道开挖参数或机械作业效率的影响,可依此对其进行预估;立架工序与湿喷工序在五部工序总耗时中占比较高,分别为33%~49%与20%~50%。研究结论:推导出隧道掌子面钻孔、装药爆破、出渣、立架和湿喷五部工序的作业时间预估公式,其计算结果与工序实际耗时相差较小,具有合理性;立架工序作业时间长、工人劳动强度高,应加强立架工序的机械化程度,同时优化湿喷方式,充分发挥湿喷机的作业效率,缩短湿喷时间。

In order to reasonably predict the construction period of high-speed railway tunnel constructed by drilling and blasting method,the working time characteristics of the five construction procedures,namely drilling,charging and blasting,tapping slag,supporting steel frame and wet spraying,which directly affect the progress of tunnel excavation,are studied.By using mathematical statistics method,this paper analyzes the actual excavation parameters and working time of the five construction procedures of 350 km/h double track high-speed railway tunnel.As the operation time of the five procedures is affected by the tunnel excavation parameters or mechanical operation efficiency,it can be estimated accordingly;the supporting steel frame process and wet spraying process account for a relatively high proportion of the total time of the five procedures by 33%~49%and 20%~50%respectively.Research conclusion:The working time prediction formulas of the five construction procedures are derived.The difference between the calculation result and the actual working time is small and reasonable.The working time of supporting steel frame procedure is long and the labor intensity of workers is high.The mechanization degree of supporting steel frame procedure should be strengthened,and the wet spraying mode should be optimized to give full play to the working efficiency of wet spraying machine and shorten wet spraying time.