月季切花简易家用型保鲜条件研究

Study on fresh-keeping condition of cut rose flowers for household use

为了研究雪碧、食盐、醋、啤酒、维生素C、洗洁精和柠檬酸等家用常备物质对月季(Rose chinensis Jacqt.)鲜切花的保鲜效果,通过单因素试验优化确定月季切花保鲜的最佳试剂、浓度、预处理温度和花枝长度,并以最佳预处理温度、试剂浓度、花枝长度为因素,以花径、鲜重变化以及瓶插寿命为指标,通过L9(34)正交试验优化筛选最佳保鲜组合。结果表明,随着月季切花瓶插时间的延长,含有雪碧的保鲜液切花寿命最长,比对照组延长了5 d,且达到最大花径所需的时间最长,观赏效果最好。经过低温预处理后鲜切花的寿命得到很大的提升,切花寿命达到20 d左右,不同花枝长度对鲜切花保鲜的影响不大。月季切花保鲜的最佳试剂为雪碧,最佳浓度为2%,最佳低温预处理温度为3℃,最佳花枝长度为30 cm。优化后的最佳保鲜条件为低温预处理温度3℃,试剂(雪碧)浓度2%,花径长度25 cm。

To study the fresh-keeping effects of sprite,salt,vinegar,beer,vitamin C,detergent and citric acid on fresh cut rose flow⁃ers.The best fresh-keeping reagent,the best concentration,the best pretreatment temperature and the best length of cut rose were de⁃termined by single factor experiment.The best preservation combination was optimized by L9(34)orthogonal test with the best pretreat⁃ment temperature,the best concentration of reagent and the best length of flower branch as the factors and the changes of flower diame⁃ter,fresh weight and vase life as the indexes.The results showed that with the increase of vase time of cut rose flowers,the life of fresh-keeping liquid containing sprite was the longest,and it was 5 days longer than that of control group,and the time of reaching the maximum flower diameter was the longest,and the ornamental effect was the best.After low temperature pretreatment,the fresh-keep⁃ing effect of fresh-cut flowers was significantly improved,the life span of cut flowers was about 20 days.Different flower branch length had little effect on fresh cut flowers.The results showed that the best fresh-keeping reagent of cut rose was sprite,the best concentra⁃tion was 2%,the best low temperature pretreatment was 3℃,the best length of flower was 30 cm.The optimum preservation condi⁃tions were low temperature pretreatment at 3℃,reagent(sprite)concentration at 2%,flower diameter length at 25 cm.