侵华日军军马防疫研究

A Study on the Epidemic Prevention of the Japanese Invaders'Army Horses

军马是侵华日军作战力量的重要组成部分。对于日军而言,由于中国战地炭疽、鼻疽等人畜共患传染病广泛流行且频发,构建有效的军马防疫体系尤为必要。九一八事变之前,日军就已构建军马防疫体系,并开展针对炭疽、鼻疽的防疫研究。全面侵华战争时期,日军军马防疫得以进一步加强,防疫机构分布于沦陷区各地。日军一方面积极开展军马防疫以确保自身的卫生安全,另一方面以军马易感的炭疽菌、鼻疽菌作为细菌武器发动细菌战,充分体现其攻防一体的特征。

The army horse is an important part of the Japanese invaders'combat force.Due to the widespread and frequent occurrence of zoonotic diseases such as glanders and anthrax in the Chinese battlefield,it's necessary for the Japanese army to construct an effective epidemic prevention system for the army horses.Even before the Mukden Incident,the Japanese army had already started to establish this system and carried out the research on glanders and anthrax.During the full-scale war of aggression against China,the epidemic prevention for the Japanese army horses was further strengthened,and the related epidemic prevention agencies were set up throughout the occupied areas.On the one hand,the Japanese army actively carried out the epidemic prevention system to ensure its own hygienic security.On the other hand,the Japanese army launched the bacterial warfare with anthrax and rotzbacillus susceptible to army horses as the bacterial weapons,reflecting its bacterial warfare's offensive-defensive integrated characteristics.