长三角港口货运职能多样性时空格局

Spatial-Temporal Pattern of Port Freight Function Diversity in Yangtze River Delta

为体现长三角港口群货运职能分工的特征,提升港口体系货运服务的空间一体化水平,运用区位熵和多样性指数等方法,对长三角主要港口2010-2018年的货运职能和多样性时空格局进行分析。结果显示:长三角港口的规模等级分布较为均衡,各等级港口的职能数量和职能结构均存在较大的差异;各省(市)内部港口职能的丰富性和均匀性有所不同;港口职能的多样性总体上遵循从专业化到综合化再到高端化的发展模式;相同职能的港口普遍存在区域集聚的发展态势,但多数职能的集聚格局不够稳定。针对该问题,从整体和局部2个角度提出港口货运职能优化建议。

The freight functions and the spatial-temporal pattern of the main ports in the Yangtze River Delta from 2010 to 2018 are investigated by means of location entropy and diversification index analysis. The investigation shows that the distribution of port of different scales in the Yangtze River Delta is relatively balanced, and the differences of the scope and structure of freight functions exist among ports of different levels. But the function richness and evenness of ports are not the same in provinces. The port function development generally follows the mode from specialization to integration, then to high-end. The ports with the same functions generally have the trend of regional agglomeration;on the other hand, the functional agglomeration appears unstable in most cases. Suggestions concerning existing problems are put forward.