论陶渊明诗歌中的鸟意象

On Bird Images in Tao Yuanming's Poems

鸟意象在陶渊明的诗歌中出现次数多、频率高,可以说是贯穿始终;陶渊明诗歌中的鸟意象大致可分为三类:高鸟,象征着其立志高远的少年时代;羁鸟,代表其形迹拘役的仕途生涯;而归鸟则是其归隐田园的真实写照。诗歌中对鸟意象的运用,生动形象地展现了陶渊明在不同时期、不同阶段的人生经历和心境变化,清晰地描摹、勾勒出诗人思想感情的变化过程。陶渊明在选取和建构鸟意象时呈现出了显著特色:真实具体的个性化意象、传情达意的媒介、物我交融的境界和平淡自然的语言风格。

The bird images appear frequently in Tao Yuanming's poems,which can be said to appear through the whole process.The bird images in Tao Yuanming poems can be divided into three categories:high bird,a symbol of the aspirations of the youth;captive bird,acting on behalf of the detention of his official career;returning bird,a true portrayal of his hermit pastoral life.The use of bird images not only vividly shows Tao Yuanming's life experience and mood changes in different periods and stages,but also outlines the change process of the poet's thoughts and feelings.Tao Yuanming's selection and construction of bird images show notable features:real and specific personalized images,media to convey feelings,realm of material and self blending,and plain and natural language style.