资源禀赋对地区经济影响——基于“资源诅咒”假说的实证分析

Influence of resource endowment on regional economy: an empirical analysis based on the “resource curse” hypothesis

随着改革的全面推进,自然资源在地区经济的作用得到学界越来越多的关注。文章基于2003—2017年地市级层面的面板数据,通过回归分析探究资源禀赋对经济增长、产业结构和失业率的影响,检验"资源诅咒"在中国地级市层面是否存在。结果表明:资源禀赋对经济增长的影响存在区域性差异。在资源丰裕地区的地级市,资源丰裕度的提高压制经济增长,但在资源贫乏地区的地级市,两者无显著关系;资源禀赋的提高阻碍了产业结构的优化升级;资源禀赋的提高导致失业率上升,降低地区就业水平。最后提出对策建议:推进产业结构多元化、减少对原始资源的依赖度;明确产权关系,减少政府对市场的干预;推进基础设施建设和基础教育投入。

With the comprehensive advance of the reform,the role of natural resources in the regional economy has been paid more attention.Based on the panel data of prefecture-level cities from 2003 to 2017,this paper explores the influence of resource endowment on economic growth,industrial structure and unemployment rate through regression analysis,and tests whether the"resource curse"exists in China’s prefecture-level cities.The results show that:there are regional differences in the influence of resource endowment on economic growth.In prefecture-level cities in resource-rich regions,the improvement of resource abundance suppresses economic growth,but in resource-poor regions,there is no significant relationship between the two;the improvement of resource endowment hinders the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure;the increase of resource endowment leads to the rise of unemployment rate and the decrease of regional employment level.Finally,this paper proposes three countermeasures and suggestions:promote the diversification of industrial structure and reduce the dependence on original resources;clear property rights,reduce government intervention in the market;promoting investment in infrastructure construction and basic education.