土壤中Zn^2+污染现状及Zn^2+对细胞凋亡影响研究进展

The Present Situation of Zn^2+ Pollution in Soil and the Research Progress of Zn on Apoptosis

随着人类社会的快速发展,重金属污染已经成为威胁人类健康、破坏生态平衡的重要因素之一。土壤重金属污染因具有残留时间长、隐蔽性强、通过食物链传递等特点而备受关注。锌离子(Zn^2+)作为常见重金属,其在土壤中的过量累积,可直接对植物造成毒害,再通过食物链等方式传递,对动物和人类造成不同程度的危害。如重金属离子可以破坏人类和动物体内细胞结构,诱发细胞凋亡,引发多种疾病。Zn^2+毒性作用机制受Zn^2+浓度、暴露时间长短和细胞类型等因素影响,Zn^2+缺乏和Zn^2+过量,都可诱导细胞发生凋亡。本研究将对近年来土壤中Zn^2+污染来源、现状、对动物、植物、人类的危害及其对细胞凋亡的影响进行综述,期待为Zn^2+污染的相关研究提供可参考的文献依据。

With the rapid development of human society,heavy metal pollution has become one of the important destructive factors of human health and ecological balance.Heavy metals soil pollution has the characteristics of the long residue time,strong concealment,and it can be transferred through the food chain,which makes it an issue gets a lot of attention these day.As a common metal ion,the excessive accumulation of Zn^2+in the soil injury plants firstly.Then the building-up effect can be transmitted through the food chain and seriously endanger human and animal health in different degrees.For example,heavy metal ions can damage the cell structure of human and animal,induce cell apoptosis,and cause a variety of diseases.The toxic mechanism of Zn^2+is influenced by Zn^2+concentration,human exposure duration and cell type,so the surplus and lack of Zn^2+could induce apoptosis of cells.This paper reviews the Zn^2+pollution source,the current state of Zn^2+contamination in soil,the damage on the animals,plants and human beings and its effects on cell apoptosis in recent years,so as to provide references for the relevant studies about Zn^2+pollution.