勐海热带雨林地区土壤侵蚀动态变化研究

Study on Dynamic Changes of Soil Erosion in Tropical Rainforest Area of Menghai County

为了探究滇南热带雨林区土壤侵蚀状况,以勐海县为研究区,基于2009年和2016年Landsat影像数据、DEM、降雨、土壤等数据,利用通用土壤侵蚀方程(USLE)对勐海县土壤侵蚀动态变化进行定量分析。结果表明:2009年、2016年勐海县土壤侵蚀模数分别为812 t/(km^2·a)和783 t/(km^2·a),土壤侵蚀主要以微度和轻度侵蚀为主,土壤侵蚀向两极化发展;从区域空间分布来看,土壤侵蚀呈现东南、西北高,东北、西南、中部低的分布状态;不同土地利用类型水土保持效益顺序为建设用地>林地>水域>水田>旱地>园地。

In order to explore the soil erosion situation in the tropical rain forest region of southern Yunnan,taking Menghai County as the study area,Landsat image data,DEM,rainfall and soil data in 2009 and 2016 were used as data sources,the general soil erosion equation(USLE)was used to quantitatively study the dynamic changes of soil erosion in Menghai County.The results show that the soil erosion modulus of Menghai County in 2009 and 2016 is 812 t/(km^2·a)and 783 t/(km^2·a),respectively,and the soil erosion is mainly slight and mild erosion,and the soil erosion develops to polarization.From the point of view of regional spatial distribution,soil erosion is high in southeast,northwest and low in northeast,southwest and central Menghai.The benefit order of soil and water conservation of different land use types is as follows:construction land>forest land>water area>paddy field>dry land>garden land.