高柱头外露率软米型两系不育系水稻选育和配组米质分析

Development of the High Exerted Stigma Rate Two-line Male Sterile Soft Rice and Rice Quality Analysis of Combinations

本研究以两系不育系‘矮粳15S’为转育亲本,通过与高柱头外露率水稻以及含有软米基因水稻杂交及复交,再与‘矮粳15S’水稻多代回交,田间对柱头高外露表型进行筛选,同时结合分子标记辅助选择软米基因,已成功培育出柱头外露率高并含有软米基因的两系不育系水稻新品系‘浦粳软S’。‘浦粳软S’不育系熟期较早,植株茎秆粗壮,矮杆大穗,柱头外露率为53.1%。本研究再以‘浦粳软S’为母本与不同籼型恢复系杂交并进行后代米质分析。结果显示,20个组合稻米直链淀粉含量都较低,介于11.2%~13.3%之间。考察除直链淀粉含量以外的其他稻米指标,在20个组合中,有13个组合稻米能够符合优质三等食用粳稻品种品质规定要求;有2个组合稻米能够符合优质二等食用粳稻品种品质规定要求。开展本研究为今后培育超高产优质两系杂交水稻新组合提供科学依据。

In this study,we have bred the high exerted stigma rate two-line male sterile soft rice’Pugeng soft S’by crossing’Aigeng 15 S’with rice with the high exerted stigma rate and rice with soft rice gene,and then backcrossed with the’Aigeng 15 S’rice several times,combining with the screening of exerted stigma phenotype in the field and the soft rice gene by molecular marker-assisted selection.The two-line male sterile soft rice’Pugeng soft S’possess early heading stage,thick and short stems,large panicle,and 53.1%exerted stigma rate.Meanwhile,in this study,the’Pugeng soft S’was used as the female parent and test crossed with the different indica-type restorer lines,and the progeny rice quality was analyzed.The results showed that the amylose content of the 20 combinations all was low,ranging from 11.2%to 13.3%,of the other rice quality indexes among the 20 combinations,13 combinations can meet the quality requirements of third-class edible japonica rice quality;two combinations can meet the quality requirements of second-class edible japonica rice quality.This study laid the foundation for the cultivation of a new combination of super high-yield and-quality two-line hybrid rice.