高丹草刈割后再生部分农艺性状的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of the Agronomic Characters of the Regeneration in the Post-cutting of Gaodan Grass

为帮助农业生产者培育出再生能力强、生物产量高的高丹草品种,本研究以美国引进品系‘美引251’(苏丹草)与国内品种‘忻粱52’(粒用高粱)杂交得到300株的F2群体后代为材料,利用主基因—多基因遗传分析方法对再生部分相关农艺性状进行遗传分析,为高丹草育种以及分子标记提供条件。研究表明:株高、穗柄长、平均茎节长、叶片数、整株鲜重、茎秆鲜重、穗重、叶片鲜重都符合数量遗传并且各个性状相关性都呈现极显著正相关。株高符合两对主基因控制的B-6模型,即等显性模型,不存在上位性效应,主基因遗传率为54.05%。叶片数符合一对主基因控制的A-1模型,即加性—显性混合模型,主基因遗传率为53.98%。穗柄长、茎节长、整株鲜重、茎秆鲜重、穗重、叶片鲜重6个性状都符合由两对主基因控制的B_1模型,即加性-显性-上位性混合遗传模型,遗传率分别为53.98%、81.02%、73.92%、65.61%、52.89%、33.46%、75.91%、49.99%,并且穗柄长、旗叶长、整株鲜重、茎秆鲜重、叶片鲜重作为高丹草再生部分农艺性状的重要组成因子表现出具有较高的遗传力,在农业生产中对高丹草品种的筛选以及培育再生能力强、生物产量高的新品种具有极其深远的意义。

In order to help agricultural producers to cultivate the varieties with strong regeneration ability and high biological yield,300 F2 population progenies were obtained by crossing the introduced American strain’Meiyin251’(Sudancao)with the domestic variety’Xinliang52’(Grain sorghum).The main gene multi factor genetic analysis method was used to carry out genetic analysis on some agronomic characters related to regeneration,including breeding and classification of sorghum.The child tag provides the condition.The results showed that plant height,stalk length,average stem node length,leaf number,fresh weight of whole plant,fresh weight of stem,ear weight and fresh weight of leaf all accorded with the quantitative inheritance,and the correlation of each character was a very significant positive correlation.The plant height was in accordance with the B-6 model controlled by two major genes,i.e.the isodominant model,and there was no epistasis effect.The heritability of major genes was 54.05%.The number of leaves was in accordance with the A-1 model controlled by a pair of major genes,i.e.additive dominant mixed model.The heritability of major genes was 53.98%.The six characters of spike stalk length,stem node length,fresh weight of whole plant,fresh weight of stem,fresh weight of ear and fresh weight of leaf all conform to the B1 model controlled by two main genes,i.e.additive dominant epistatic hybrid genetic model,with the heritability of 53.98%,81.02%,73.92%,65.61%,52.89%,33.46%,75.91%and 49.99%respectively,and spike stalk length,flag leaf length,fresh weight of whole plant,fresh weight of stem and fresh weight of leaf are taken as the important components of some agronomic characters in the regeneration of Gaodan grass have high heritability,which is of great significance to the selection of Gaodan grass varieties and the cultivation of new varieties with strong regeneration ability and high biological yield in agricultural production.