国外激励农民参与农村基层治理的实践经验与中国借鉴——以美国、日本和韩国为例

Practical Experience of Encouraging Farmers to Participate in Rural Grass-roots Governance in Foreign Countries and China's Reference——Take the United States,Japan and South Korea for Example

农民能否有效参与农村基层治理直接影响到基层治理的效果。梳理和总结美国、韩国和日本等国政府激励农民参与基层治理的经验做法,在此基础上,通过对三国的经验做法异同点之处进行分析与比较,为我国政府鼓励农民参与农村基层治理提供借鉴。三国经验做法为激励我国农民参与农村基层治理提供了有益的借鉴:建立农民畅通的需求表达和回应机制,满足农民的各种利益诉求;优化农民参与基层治理决策机制,保障农民参与治理的主体地位;注重经济激励,调动农民参与基层治理积极性;重视农村社区建设,发挥其组织农民参与基层治理的引导作用;培育农村合作组织,为农民参与基层治理提供载体支撑。

Whether farmers can effectively participate in rural grass-roots governance directly affects the effect of grass-roots governance.Comb and summarize the experiences and practices of the governments of the United States,South Korea and Japan in encouraging farmers to participate in grass-roots governance.On this basis,analyse and compare the similarities and differences of the experiences and practices of the three countries to provide reference for Chinese government in encouraging farmers to participate in rural grass-roots governance.The experiences and practices of the three countries provide useful reference for encouraging Chinese farmers to participate in rural grass-roots governance.First,establish a smooth demand expression and response mechanism for farmers to meet their various interests demands.Second,optimize the decision-making mechanism for farmers to participate in grass-roots governance to ensure the main status of farmers to participate in governance.Third,pay attention to economic incentives to mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in grass-roots governance. Fourth, pay attention to rural communities construction, play the leading role of organizing farmers to participate in grass-roots governance.Fifth,cultivate rural cooperative organizations, provide carrier support for farmers to participate in grass-roots governance.