系统功能语言学的性质、特点及发展

The Nature,Characteristics and Development of Systemic Functional Linguistics

Halliday构建的系统功能语言学已有60年的历史,经历了从句法理论、系统功能理论到社会意义学和适用语言学的发展阶段。本文回顾了该理论的不同发展阶段,分析了其性质和特点。系统功能语言学由理论与应用两个部分构成,既是普通语言学,也是适用语言学。该理论模式重视整体性,强调语言的功能和语言与语境的关系,因而更是一个综合理论。从本质上讲,系统功能语言学是为解决与语言相关的各种问题而设计,是一个以解决问题为导向的理论。该理论中,语篇分析有着非常重要的位置,是理论构建的一个基本步骤。

Halliday􀆳s Systemic Functional Linguistics(SFL)has a history of 60 years,going from a theory of syntax,a systemic functional theory to social semiotics and an appliable linguistics.By reviewing the different development stages of this linguistic theory and analyzing its nature and characteristics,this paper holds that SFL,which consists of two parts(i.e.,theory and application),is not only a general linguistics,but also an appliable linguistics.This model is a comprehensive theory,which emphasizes integrity and holism,the functions of language and the relationships between language and context.In essence,it is a problem⁃oriented theory,designed to solve a range of problems related to language.In this theory,discourse analysis plays an important role and serves as a basic step in theoretical construction.