乌蒙山区接茬方式对土壤中量元素及3种作物产质量的影响

Effects of Interplanting Methods on Soil Medium Elements and Quality and Yield of Three Kinds of Crops in Wumeng Mountainous Area

为用地养地相结合的可持续耕作模式及合理施肥策略提供参考,选择马铃薯、荞麦、赤小豆3种作物按照不同顺序接茬种植,每年对根际土壤进行3次样品采集,测定和分析中量元素交换性钙、交换性镁和有效硫含量及作物产量、淀粉和蛋白质含量。结果表明:不同顺序的接茬种植方式,交换性钙、交换性镁和有效硫含量在2年内的各月间呈不同程度的差异性,交换性钙、交换性镁和有效硫含量与pH、有机质含量的相关性也各不相同;马铃薯-荞麦接茬种植方式土壤的交换性钙含量增加,交换性镁含量保持稳定,有效硫含量稍降低,与其他处理相比,马铃薯-荞麦种植方式的产量提高17.83%~23.71%,淀粉含量提高5.11%~6.35%,蛋白质含量提高19.71%~22.11%。马铃薯-荞麦的接茬种植顺序最佳。

In order to provide references for a sustainable tillage model with the combination of land and land cultivation and reasonable fertilization strategies,Solanum tuberosum,Fagopyrum esculentum and Vigna umbellata were planted in different order,and samples of rhizosphere soil were collected three times a year.The contents of exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium and available sulfur as well as crop yield,starch and protein content were determined and analyzed.Results:The contents of exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium and available sulfur varied from month to month in two years,and the correlations between exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium,available sulfur and pH and organic matter were also different.The interplanting method of S.tuberosumand F.esculentum increased the content of exchangeable calcium in soil,kept the content of exchangeable magnesium stable,and slightly decreased the content of available sulfur.The yield of S.tuberosum buckwheat increased by17.83%-23.71%,the content of starch increased by 5.11%-6.35%,and the content of protein increased by 19.71%-22.11%.Among the different interplanting methods of S.tuberosum,F.esculentumand V.umbellata,the planting sequence of S.tuberosum-F.esculentumis the best.